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262 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theseus was made due to: |
mythological propaganda |
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Who created the mythological propaganda of Theseus and why? |
-Pisistratus, a tyrant that ruled Athens
-So Athens had a hero like Sparta and Heracles |
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What were the 2 older myths that Theseus was involved in? |
1.) Labyrinth/Minotaur
2.) Centauromachy |
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What did the Athenians credit Theseus with founding: |
1.) Democracy (not true, was the rowers of Athens that wanted a same)
2.) Panatheniac games (like the Olympic games)
3.) Coinage (Not true, invented in Libya) |
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What battle is it said that the ghost of Theseus led them to victory? |
The Battle of Marathon -Persian war -Persians mad that the Greeks instigated a persian revolt, Athenians took up leadership in the battle, said Theseus' ghost led them to victory |
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Who found where were the "tomb of theseus" found? |
Cimon, the son of General Miltiades went to the Island of Scyros |
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What are the 3 versions of Athenians origins? |
1.) descendants of Cecrops
2.) Autochthonous- "sprung from the earth"
3.) Descended directly from Athena |
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Why did the upper class where grasshopper pins? |
The Autochthonous -born directly from the ground, had a connection to the land -Believed that grasshoppers also came directly from the earth |
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What 2 versions does the story of Erichtonius combine? |
Autochthony and Athena version |
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Who was Erichtonius given to? |
3 daughters of Cecrops |
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What were the 3 daughters told not to do? |
Peak in the basket where baby Erichtonius lay |
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What happened when 2 daughters looked at Erichtonius? |
Went mad and jumped to there deaths from the Acropolis |
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What festival did this event inspire? |
"Festival of the Dew Carriers"
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Who are the 2 daughters of Pandion |
-Procne and Philomena |
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Who aids Pandion during Athens war with Thebes? |
Tereus, Thracian King, son of Mars |
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What does Pandion give to Tereus as a reward? |
Procne for a wife |
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What happens to Philomena when Procne asks Tereus to go retrieve Philomena? |
Tereus rapes her, cuts of her tongue to silence her, and puts her in a dungeon |
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What folktale motif does Philomena getting locked away play to? |
Notion of seclusion, locked away |
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How does Philomena tell Procne she's alive? |
weaves her tale on a tapestry, tells a nurse to take it to her sister |
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What does Procne do to get back at her Husband? |
Feeds there son, Itys to him |
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What do the gods do to the 3 characters? |
Turn them into birds
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What kind of birds do Tereus, Procne and Philomena turn into? |
Tereus: Houpoe (crown like feather)
Procne: Nightingale (mournful song they sing)
Philomena: Swallow (don't sing) |
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Who are the quarrelling siblings over the Athenian throne? |
Pallas and Aegeus |
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What was Aegeus problem and what did he do to solve it? |
Couldn't produce a heir, went to the Oracle at Delphi for fertility advice |
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What does the Oracle say? |
"Do not open the wineskin until you come to the pinnacle of the Athenians" |
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Who understands the oracle? |
Pittheus, Troezens King |
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What does Pittheus do to fulfill the oracle? |
Gets Aegeus drunk and sends in his Daughter Aethra to become pregnant |
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What does Aethras dream tell her to do? |
Go down to the sea |
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What happens when Aethra goes down to the sea? |
Is impregnated by Poseidon |
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What does the cause? |
Theseus with a mortal father and divine father |
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What does Aegeus do so Theseus can prove he is his son when he is older? |
Aegeus puts sandals and a sword under a rock, when Theseus is older he will be strong enough to get these back |
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What are the 6 Labours of Theseus? |
1.) Periphetes 2.) Sinis 3.) Crommyonian Sow 4.) Siron 5.) Cercyon 6.) Procrustes |
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Periphetes |
-Son of Hephaestus, "Iron-Club" -bushes people heads in, Theseus does this to him |
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Sinis |
"Pine-binder" -sinister fellow, would take his guest & tie them to pine trees & slingshot them -Theseus does this to him |
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Crommyonian Sow |
"Huge pig" -Redux that Heracles has against the Boar of Erymanthian |
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Siron |
"Feet washer" -would make guests wash his feet then kick them off a cliff -Theseus does this to him
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Cercyon |
"wrestler" -Theseus wrestles him and crushes him |
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Procrustes |
"Beds" -small people he would stretch to fit the bed -Large people had there feet chopped off |
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What is the common theme with the Labours of Theseus |
Disobey of xenia, you get punished |
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Why doesn't Aegeus recognized Theseus when he arrives at Athens? |
Aegeus is under the power of Medea, a famous sorcerer that is carrying Aegeus' child |
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What does Aegeus (Medea) make Theseus do and what motif is this? |
Go against the bull of Marathon -Under power of the enemy, made to preform impossible task, succeeds |
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What does Medea try to do to Theseus and what saves him? |
Tries to poison him, before she does Aegeus recognizes him, and Medea flees to Asia |
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Who does Medea give birth to? |
-Medus and the Medeans ancestors (Persians) -Shows how Medea gave birth to the enemies of the Greeks |
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Who ambushes Theseus? |
Pallas 50 sons, whom Theseus all kills |
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Where does Theseus go after this episode? |
To Crete to defeat the Minotaur
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What does Aegeus tell him upon returning? |
Raise a white flag if Theseus survives, raise a black flag if he dies |
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What happens to Aegeus upon Theseus return? |
Accidentally hoists black flag even tho Theseus survives, Aegeus thinks differently and jumps to his death into the sea -Explains name: Aegean sea
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What heroic motif does this episode produce: |
Heroes danger to those around them |
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What does Theseus do next seeking adventure? |
Travels to the Amazons to abduct there Queen Antiope |
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Why were the Amazon warriors terrifying to the greeks? |
-Tribe of warrior women, gender overturning -Everything the Greek women were against |
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amazos= |
"no breast" |
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What did Theseus abducting Antiope cause? |
The Amazonomachy |
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Who did Antiope and Theseus produce? |
Hippolytus |
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Who does Theseus marry after rejected Antiope? |
Phaedra |
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Who did Hippolytus become a devotee of? |
Artemis |
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What does this mean for Hippolytus? |
sexual abstinence |
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What problem occurs with Hippolytus refusing sex? |
Phaedra falls in love with Hippolytus, who rejects her |
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Ashamed, what does Phaedra do?
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Hangs herself with a note saying Hippolytus raped her |
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What does Theseus do to his son? |
Curses him, causes Poseidon bull to rise from the sea and scare Hippolytus chariot horses which drag him to death |
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Who decides to test Theseus legendary powers by stealing his flocks? |
Pirithous, King of Lipiths |
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What does Pirithous do after he is caught by Theseus? |
Apologizes and offers to be Theseus slave --> Friendship ensues!
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Who does Pirithous marry and who does he invite to the wedding? |
-Hippodamia -Invited the Centaurs, his cousins |
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What do the Centaurs do at the wedding? |
Try to rape the bride and the attendants |
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What is the battle between the Lapiths and the Centaurs? |
The Centauromachy |
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Who do Theseus and Pirithous choose to marry? |
Thesues- Helen of Troy
Pirithous-Persephone |
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Where do they travel to get Persephone? |
The Underworld
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What mistake do they make whilst in the underworld? |
They accept a meal from hades -Binds them to the underworld forever!
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Who rescues who from the underworld and who remains there? |
Heracles rescues Theseus while he's there rescuing Cerberus Pirithous gets left there |
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Who is in charge of Athens when Theseus returns? |
A tyrant, the demagogue Menestheus |
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Where does Theseus escape to? |
The Island of Scyros |
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Who kills Theseus and why? |
The King of Scyros due to jealously, pushes him off a cliff "to see the view" |
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What heroic motif does Theseus death follow? |
Not a noble death |
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Myths of Crete (4) |
1. Europa and the Bull 2. Minos and Pasiphae 3. Theseus and the Minotaur 4. Daedalus and Icarus |
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What was the civilization of people at Crete long before the Indo-european culture? |
The Minoans |
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What was the beginning of the end for the Minoans? |
Island south of Crete collapsed to to volcanic explosion, would have caused tsunamis that would have destroyed parts of crete and there harbours=ability to master the sea |
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Who did the minoans worship? |
the "Great Goddess" -all imcompassing goddess -holding snakes: represents life, death and rebirth |
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What was a prominent art feature in Crete? |
The bull -symbol of fertility |
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Who replaced the Minoans? |
The Myceneaens |
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Europa is a descendent of who? |
Zeus and Io |
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What does Zeus do to seduce Europa? |
Turns himself into a bull |
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Where does Zeus (the bull) take Europa and what motif does this follow? |
To Crete -Young girl taken away from former life motif |
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Who does Agenor (her father) send to look for her? |
Her brothers -Clix -Phoenix -Cadmus |
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Unsuccessful in finding Europa, where do each of these brothers settle and why is this important? |
Phoenix: in Phoenicia Clix: in Cilicia Cadmus: in Thebes |
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Who do Zeus and Europa produce? |
Minos Sarpedon Rhadamanthys |
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Who does Minos become? |
The legendary king of the Minoans, given authority to rule over them by Zeus |
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After Zeus is done with Europa, who does she marry? |
Asterius a local cretan |
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What motif does that bring in for the children of Europa and Zeus? |
They now have a divine and mortal father |
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Who does Minos marry? |
Pasiphae, daughter of Helius (sun god) |
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What does Minos say reasoning that he has a claim to the throne after Asterius dies? |
He said Poseidon promised him the throne, and a bull will rise from the sea and he will sacrifice it to prove that the throne is his |
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What does Minos do that angers Poseidon? |
When the bull rises, he doesn't have it in him to sacrifice it |
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What does Poseidon do to punish Minos? |
Makes Pasiphae fall in love with the bull |
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Filled with lust for the bull, what does Pasiphae do? |
Goes to Daedalus, famous craftsmen, asks him to construct a hollow cow |
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Why was Daedalus exiled from Athens? |
He killed his nephew, jealous that he invented the saw |
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What does Pasiphae do with the wooden cow? |
Climbs inside it, is impregnated by the bull |
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What do Pasiphae and the Bull produce?
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The Minotaur, body of man, head of bull |
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What does Minos order Daedalus to make for the Minotaur? |
A prison to house the Minotaur, makes a Labyrinth |
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What is a Labyrinth? |
An underground maze |
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What would happen to people that entered the Labyrinth? What was this an aspect of? |
Would be devoured by the Minotaur -aspect of human sacrifice |
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Who travels to Athens to compete in the Athletic games? |
Androgenus, Minos son |
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How does Androgenus anger King Aegeus (Athens) and how does the King punish him? |
-Is extremely successful in the games, beats all the athenians -Is ordered to fight the bull, dies |
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What is this a violation of? |
Xenia |
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What does Minos do after his son is killed by the bull? |
-Launches a punitive expedition against Athens -Asks Zeus for help, who brings upon famine and plague to Athens |
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What does Athens do upon an Oracles advice to stop the attack? |
Advises a capitulation -7 boys and 7 girls are sent from Athens to be sacrificed to the Minotaur every year (or every 9 years) |
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Who volunteers to go to Crete from Athens? |
Theseus |
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Who falls in love with Theseus upon his arrival? |
Ariadne, Minos daughter
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What does Ariadne do and what motif does this follow? |
-Helps Theseus if he promises to marry her -Upon Daedalus' instructions, gives him a ball of thread and a sword -Helper maiden motif |
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What does Theseus do with the aid provided? |
Ties the ball of thread to the entrance, kills the Minotaur, then follows the string back out! |
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Where do Ariadne and Theseus escape to, and what does Theseus do there? |
The Island of Naxos, where Theseus, disgusted by Ariadnes betrayal of her father, abandons her |
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What is the story of Theseus and the Minotaur mythologically represent? |
Hostilities between Athens and Crete before there was a written record |
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What does Minos do to Daedalus as a punishment for helping his foes? |
Imprisons Daedalus and his son, Icarus, in the Labyrinth |
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How do they escape the Labyrinth? |
Daedalus constructs wings made of wax and feathers for him and his son, they fly out |
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What happens to Icarus?
What does this event symbolize? |
-Ignoring his fathers warning, he flies to close to the sun and his wax wings melt, falls to his death
-the Greek notion of "Everything in moderation", golden rule |
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Where did Minos chase Daedalus to? |
Sicily, where Daedalus was taking refuge with King Cocalus |
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What did Minos do to try and figure out if Daedalus was there or not and to give him up? |
He promised a prize to whoever could complete a challenge: Wind a thread through a spiral conch |
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How did Daedalus figure out the challenge? |
Glued the thread to an ant with honey that pulled it through the shell |
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How does Minos meet his end? |
Before capturing Daedalus, he takes a bath, where King Cocalus' daughters pour boiling water on him |
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What is Minos role in the underworld? |
Becomes a judge, who's been good or bad in the underworld |
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What suggests Thebes was an important place in Mycenean period? |
Its prominent place in Greek myth |
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Who lived in Thebes? |
The Boeotians |
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What did other greeks think of the Boeotians? |
Thought they were boarish and ignorant -term: "Boeotion pig" popular |
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Thebes was an enemy of ________ and was occupied by them from ___________ BCE. |
Athens 457-447 |
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Who was the legendary founder of Thebes and what was named after him? |
Cadmus -The Citadel of Thebes: The Cadmeia |
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What did the Boeotians form to repel Athens in 424 BCE? |
A defensive league -became an independent city state
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Who did the Thebans destroy and what did they become? |
The Spartan land forces, never been done before Became a premier power in Greece |
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What is the Sacred Band? |
A fighting group composed of Homosexual lovers -Thebans believed that a pair of lovers fought harder |
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Who burnt Thebes to the ground in what year? |
Alexander the Greet, great conquerer in Northern Greece In 335 BCE
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How did Cadmus found Thebes? |
-was looking for his sister, Europa -gave up, went to an Oracle to tell him what to do -told him to follow a cow and where it laid down was where he was destined to found a city |
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Who did Cadmus defeat at a spring? |
A dragon who was the offspring of Ares |
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What did Cadmus hear a voice say after defeated the dragon? |
"Why do you gaze upon the dead serpent? You to will be looked at as a serpent?" |
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Upon the advice of _______, what does Cadmus do with the dragons teeth? |
Athena -Takes them out and sows them into the ground
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What rises from the ground where the teeth were? |
Armed men, the Sparti="sown men" |
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What do the Sparti do? |
Confused, the start killing each other until there are only 5 left |
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What do these 5 Sparti represent? |
The mythical ancestor of the aristocratic families of Thebes |
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Who did Cadmus have to serve for how long to atone for killing the dragon? |
Ares for 8 years |
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Who did Cadmus then marry? |
Harmonia, daughter of Ares and Aphrodite |
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What was a wedding gift to Harmonia by Aphrodite? |
A cursed necklace made by Hephaestus |
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Who else did the cursed necklace bring upon bad situations to? |
Ino-killed her child Semele-burnt to a crisp Agave-ripped her own son to pieces Autonoes-son Acteon was devoured by his hunting dogs |
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What happened when Cadmus and Harmonia left Thebes? |
They were turned into Serpants and spent the rest of there lives in Elysian fields |
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Who did Antiope and Zeus produce? |
Zethus and Amphion (twins)
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Where did Antiope run away to ashamed of her affair? |
Sicyon, where she married the king |
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Who brought Antiope back to Thebes and why? |
Her uncle Lycus, under order of her father |
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Who did Antiope leave behind and what happened to them? |
Her twins, Zethus and Amphion -raised by a shepherd |
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who hated Antiope and what did this person do to her? |
Lycus wife, Dirce -Locked her in a dungeon and tortured her |
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Who did Antiope find after escaping to the mountains |
Her childern |
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What did the twins, Zethus and Amphion do after finding there mother |
Took there revenge on Dirce and Lycus -killed there uncle -tied Dirce to a bull which dragged her to her death |
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What sprang up from Dirces blood ? |
A fountain named after her |
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Zethus was a: Amphion was a: |
-practical herdsmen, does what it takes to survive -Artistic musician, had a taste for the finer things in life |
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What did Zethus and Amphion construct? |
The gates around Thebes -Amphion played the lyre and the stones spontaneously arranged themselves into walls |
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Who did Amphion marry? Who did Zethus marry? |
-Niobe -Thebe (named city after her) |
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Great grandson of Cadmus: |
Laius -becomes king of Thebes |
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What did Laius do when he left Thebes? |
Raped the son of his host Pelops -VIOLATION OF XENIA -Pelops laid a curse on him, motif: sins of fathers effecting offspring |
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Who did Laius then marry? |
Jocasta, descendent of Sparti |
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What did an Oracle warn Laius of? |
That he would be killed by his own son -SUCCESSION MYTH
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What did Laius do to his son once born? |
Ordered the child to be exposed, pinned the child's feet together and ordered a shepard to place the child on the mountain side to die |
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What did the Shepard actually do? |
Took pity and gave the child to a friend who gave him to King Polybus of Corinth and he wife Merope who raised him |
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What did they name the child? |
Oedipus "swollen foot" |
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Where did Oedipus go to try and find answers about his past and what was he told? |
Delphi oracle, was told "you will kill your father and marry your mother" |
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What did Oedipus do upon hearing this? |
Fled Corinth, didn't want to hurt his adoptive parents -Tried to escape the oracle |
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What happened at a crossroads? |
Oedipus got in a confrontation and in a rage killed a man all his companions but one "all but one motif"
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Who was the man that Oedipus killed unknowningly? |
Laius, his true father |
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What was terrorizing Thebes when Oedipus arrives? |
A sphinx, daughter of Typhoeus, who devoured all that couldn't solve her riddle |
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What was the Sphinx' riddle? |
"What has 4 legs in the morning, 2 at midday, and 3 in the evening?"
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Creon, the interim King heard Laius was killed by bandits, and decreed what? |
That whoever could solve the riddle and save the city would be made king and marry the queen |
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Who solves the riddle, with what, and marries the queen? |
Oedipus, "man" marries his mother, has killed his father: oracle complete |
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Who do Oedipus and Jocasta produce? |
Polynices and Eteode, Antigone and Ismene |
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Oedipus orders all to find the killer of Laius, and lays a curse upon the killer. This causes plague to fall upon the city he is now king of because: |
He essentially laid a curse upon himself, unknowingly |
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Who tells Oedipus the truth of what happened? |
A messenger that comes to tell him that his adoptive father has died -reveals that he brought baby Oedipus to Corinth after his real parents exposed him |
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What does Jocasta do to herself after she finds the truth? |
Kills herself |
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What does Oedipus do after this? |
Takes the pins from Jocastas dress and pokes out his own eyes, goes into exile |
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Oedipus complex: |
-Son wishes sexual contact with his mother, resents father for sexual demands on mother, wants to kill him to have mother for himself -developed by Sigmund Freud |
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Sigmund Freuds thoughts on myth: |
Myth was a by-product of psychological forces -everything was about sex |
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Oedipus is considered a hero, but he lacks what heroic element: |
Divine parentage |
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Aristotle called "Oedipus the King" the: |
Perfect tragedy -A king that realized he is a murderer of his own kin, has a downfall, reversal of fortune |
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Whats the key difference between Oedipus overthrowing his father compared to other succession myths? |
Oedipus overthrows his father creating chaos -creates chaos out of order
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What does Oedipus question? |
Whether Apollo and the Oracle is the reason for his misfortune or did he do this to himself? -questions destiny, pre-destination, & free will |
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What were the final lines of Oedipus Tyrannos?
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"Call no man happy until he reaches the end of his life without suffering" -classic way the greeks look at life, no man is truly happy |
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Title of Aeschylus play staged in 467 BCE: |
"The Seven Against Thebes" -before Oedipus Tyrannos |
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Who rules Thebes after Oedipus exile and how? |
his sons, Eteocles and Polynices -alternatively each for a year |
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Who causes problems? |
Eteocles refuses to give up rule/ after his year is up, exiled his brother out from the city
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What do Eteocles and Polynice mean |
Eteocles: "true glory" Polynices: "Filled with contention" |
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Where did Polynices flee to and what did he take? |
-Argos, took with him the cursed necklace of Harmonia |
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What Oracle did the king of Argos, Adratus learn? |
"must yoke his daughters to a boar and a lion." -didnt know what it meant |
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When does the Oracles answer reveal itself? |
When in front of Adratus palace, Polynices and Tydeus fight, one has a boar and one has a lion on there shield
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Tydeus: |
Exile from Calydon |
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What does Adratus do to the 2 men? |
Marries his daughters to them and promises them that he will restore them to there respective cities |
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Who argued greatly against the campaign against Thebes? |
Amphiaraus, a seer who foresaw all the leaders but Adratus dying in the war |
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Who had Adratus have arranged to marry Amphiaraus and why did that benefit him? |
Had his sister Eriphyle marry him and told her to take his side in mediating future arguments between the 2 men (whether to go to war or not)
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What did Polynices offer Euriphyle if she would decide to favour going to war |
-The necklace of Harmonia |
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What did the Army consist of? |
7 Heroes -4 from Argos -Polynices from Thebes -Tydeus from Calydon -Another from Arcadia (7 against thebes) |
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What does an oracle tell Oedipus daughter that she reports to Oedipus? |
Whoever has Oedipus bones cannot be captured |
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What does this Oracle cause? |
-Both Polynices and Creon (representing Eteocles) go try to kidnap Oedipus. -Oedipus curses his sons and predicts they will both die in battle |
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what happens to Oedipus after he curses his sons? |
He mysteriously disappears into the sacred grove |
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What does a blind seer Tiresias foretell? |
That the Thebans will be victorious if Creons son was sacrificed to Ares |
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What does Creons son then do? |
Sacrifices himself |
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What changes Athenas mind about saving Tydeus after he is mortally wounded |
Amphiaraus cut of Melanippus head and gave it to Tydeus, who cracked it open and started eating his brains |
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What happened to Amphiaraus? |
As he fled on his chariot, Zeus opened the earth and had him swallowed up by it just before he was speared in the back |
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What happens to Eteocles and Polynices? |
Kill each other in combat, die side by side
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10 years later, who avenges who by killing who? |
Amphiaraus son Alcmaeon avenges his fathers death by killing Eriphyle |
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What happens to the Necklace of Harmonia? |
Alcmaeon gives it to a queen of the nearby kingdom, and the necklace was dedicated at Delphi, its powers broken |
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Who was Antigone? |
Polynices sister
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What does Creon decree after the war is over? |
That know one is to bury the bodies of the invaders, including Polynices |
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Who is determined to bury Polynices and what does this person do? |
Antigone, throws a handful of sand onto the corpse, despite the kings orders |
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What does Creon do to Antigone when he finds out, despite she is to marry? |
Sentences her to die, buried alive in a cave, even though she is to marry his son |
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Who convinces Creon to back down? |
Tiresias, the seer, predicting terrible omens in the City |
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When Creon goes back to the cave to free her, what does he find? |
She has already hung herself, his son Haemon clinging to her body |
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What does Haemon do? |
Tries to kill his father, trips and kills himself |
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Who kills themself after hearing about Haemons death? |
Creons wife |
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What did Creon create? |
A vaste wasteland, his family all dead, due to his obstinate refusal to observe the law of the gods |
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Who occupied Thessaly before colonization began in the Archaic period? |
The Hellenes |
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Thessaly is the famous birthplace of : |
Achilles |
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What is the city located at the foot of Mt. Pelion |
Lolcus |
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When did the events of Jason and his Argonauts occur? |
A generation before the Trojan war |
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Who writes about the adventures in of the Argonauts? |
Apollonius in the Argonautica |
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Who writes the stories of Jason in what piece? |
Euripedes in the Medea |
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Jason belonged to who? |
The Aeolids, descendants of Aeolus |
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What 3 groups are descended from the Hellens sons? |
The Aeolians, Dorians and Ionians |
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Aeolus son Athamus and Nephele produced: |
Phrixus and Helle |
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Athamas then had children with Ino, who bore 2 children. Why was Ino upset? |
Jealous that Phrixus would inherit the throne instead of her 2 children |
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What did Ino plan to do to kill her stepchildren? |
Had local women parch seed grain so it wouldn't grow: cause a famine |
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Athamas sent messengers to Delphi to ask what the solution was. What happened to the messengers? |
Were intercepted by Ino, who bribed them to say the solution was to sacrifice Phrixus, his own son
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What happened as Athamas was preparing to sacrifice Phrixus |
a golden ram appearing and Phrixus and his sister climbed on and were taken away to the east |
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How does the Hellespont sea get its name? |
Helle fell off the ram and into the sea |
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Where did the ram land? |
Colchis in the land of Aea |
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Who ruled at Colchis? |
Aeetes, a son of Helius |
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What did Phrixus do with the ram? |
sacrifices it to Zeus then hangs it fleece in a grove sacred to Areas where it was protected by a dragon |
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What did Aeetes give him as a reward? |
One of his daughters to marry |
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Who are the half-brothers descended from Aeolus |
Aeson and Pelias
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What does Pelias do to Aeson and why? |
Imprisons Aeson in his palace jealous of his half brothers chance at ruling |
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Pelius is a son of: |
Poseidon
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Aeson has a son: |
Jason |
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Where do Jasons parents send him and why? |
Send him to the mountains to be raised by a wise Centaur b/c they are afraid Pelias will kill Jason
-centaurs occasionally trains heroes |
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What heroic motif does Jasons childhood show: |
Difficult birth |
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What does Pelias learn from an oracle? |
That he would be undone by a man with one sandal |
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What does Jason do when he reaches manhood? |
Heads home to claim the throne from Pelias |
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What happens to Jason at the river crossing? |
Carries an old women across a river (Hera in disguise), loses a sandal in the process |
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Upon his arrival, What does Pelias make him do? |
An impossible task, fetch the Golden Fleece suggested by Jason |
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Who did Jason enlist to build what? |
Argus to build the biggest ship ever made (hold 50 men!)
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What did Aethena put on the ship? |
A beam cut from Zeus oracular oak which could speak and put it in the ships prow |
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Who did Jason get to help him? |
Best fighters around -Heracles -Orpheus -Castor and Polydeuces (Zeus sons) -Telamon (Ajax father) -Zetes and Calais (sons of North Wind) -Peleus (achilles father) -Idmon the seer -OTHERS TO |
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What did Zete and Calais have the ability to do? |
fly |
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How did Idmon predict the future? |
Read the entrails of sacrificed animals
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What did Idmon see? |
That they would all return safely except for himself |
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what island did the adventurers stop at? |
Lemnos, an island of all women (wives had killed all the men), stayed for a year and repopulated the island |
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Where did the Argonauts go next? |
Propontis where they encountered King Phineus |
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What had happened to Phineus? |
Abused the gift of prophecy granted to him by Apollo and was blinded & unable to eat because the Harpies would snatch his food |
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What did the Argonauts do exchange for info from Phineus? |
Killed the Harpies |
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What did Phineus warn them of? |
When entering the Black Sea the Symplegades "clashing rocks" |
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What did the Argonauts do to test the waters? |
Released a dove, if the Dove could make it so could they
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Who is madly in love with Jason as he arrives at Colchis? |
Medea |
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What did King Aeetes do on the advice of an oracle? |
Treat the Argonauts badly
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What did Jason have to do in order to get the fleece? |
-defeat 2 fire breathing bulls -plow a field with them -sow the dragon teeth left over from the foundation of thebes -kill the warriors that sprung up form the ground |
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How did Jason do this? |
Had help of Medea, who gave him a magic ointment to protect him from the bulls, drugged the dragon guarding the fleece -Jason promised to marry her if she helped |
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What happened to delay Aeetes from chasing the Argonauts as they fled? |
His son, Apsyrtus was chopped into pieces, had to gather all the pieces to bury him |
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A rumour spread at Lolcus that all the argonauts had died and Pelias congratulated himself on what? |
Being the first man to escape a prophecy -killed Aeson (Jasons father) by giving him bulls blood |
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Jason presented the Golden Fleece to Pelias, yet: |
Pelias refused to leave the throne |
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What did Medea do to Pelias? |
Tricking Pelias daughters telling them that she was giving Pelias renewed youth, she got them to allow her to use her magic -She then cut in into pieces, telling them that is they put all them into a cauldron he would be renewed in youth -Pelias died |
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Why did Jason and Medea leave Lolcus
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The locals mad there king had been killed |
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Where did Jason and Medea go? |
Corinth and had 2 sons |
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Who does Jason marry after ditching Medea? |
Local princess, Glauce |
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What does Medea do as revenge? |
gives poisoness garnets and tiara to the princess, burning her to a crisp, and kills her and Jasons children |
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Where and how does Medea flee? |
On her grandfather Helius chariot (part divine) and goes to athens |
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What happens to Jason after? |
Finishes his life a depressed, sick old shadow of former self. Killed by rotten prow of ship which strikes him in the head |
