Dsae 2404, Sec 3, Review

Front 1

Identify the different types of LV outflow obstruction

Back 1

— valvular aortic stenosis

— subaortic membrane

— hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Front 2

Which of valvular diseases are considered high velocity stenotic Jets

Back 2

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Front 3

What is the LV response to Chronic pressure overload from aortic stenosis

Back 3

— Concentric hypertrophy

— leads to reduced tricular volume

Front 4

What happens to stroke volume with a severe mitral stenosis?

Back 4

Decreased stroke volume

Front 5

Identify the equation for mitral valve area using pressure halftime

Back 5

MVA = 220 / T 0.5

Front 6

Identify the connection between mitral valve orifice and rate of pressure decline

Back 6

— the Rate pressure decline is determined by the CSA of the orifice

— the smaller the orifice, lower the rate of pressure decline.

Front 7

What is the response of the left ventricle with mitral stenosis?

Back 7

— LV is small, and D shaped during this doing and or systole with long-standing pressure and valve overload.

— small

— normal wall thickness

— normal systolic function

— impaired diastolic function

Front 8

What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis?

Back 8

Rheumatic fever

Front 9

Aortic stenosis hemodynamics

Back 9

Front 10

What is the most common cause of pulmonic stenosis?

Back 10

Congenital disease

Front 11

Identify laminar vs. Turbulent flow

Back 11

— laminar = smooth flow

— turbulent = chaotic flow

Front 12

Identify the pressure differences before and after the a stenotic valve

Back 12

— increased pressure before valve

— decrease pressure after valve

— causes a pressure gradient to occur

Front 13

Bernoulli equation

Back 13

ΔP = 4v2

Front 14

What other pathologies are associated with bicuspid aortic valve

Back 14

— calcific of the trileaflet or bicuspid aortic valve

— congenital valve disease

— Rheumatic valve disease

— aortic stenosis

— aortic aneurysm

— aortic dissection

—aortic coarctation

Front 15

Describe an AS murmur

Back 15

Systolic decrescendo murmur

Front 16

Identify 2D Echo characteristics associated with aortic stenosis

Back 16

— thick calcified AV cusp

— MAC

— LA enlargement

— LVH

— post stenotic dilation of aortic root

Front 17

What Doppler parameters are needed to calculate the aortic valve area

Back 17

—LVOT CSA

—LVOT VTI

—AV VTI

Front 18

Identifying mild, moderate, and severe valve areas

Back 18

Front 19

You're doing an echo on a young adult and there is a high gradient with the aortic valve looks normal what would you suspect

Back 19

Subaortic membrane

Front 20

What is the equation for mitral valve area

Back 20

220 / pressure half-time

Front 21

Severe mitral stenosis may be associated with blank due to limitations of LV diastolic filling

Back 21

Low stroke volume

Front 22

Which indicate the smallest mitral valve area

Back 22

4

Front 23

Get the mitral pressure half-time is 220 Ms, what is the valve area

Back 23

1.0 cm2

Front 24

Bicuspid aortic valve is often associated with what

Back 24

— Ao aneurysm

— Ao dissection

— Ao coarctation

Front 25

And aortic stenosis murmur is described as a systolic blank decrescendo

Back 25

Crescendo

Front 26

According to the DeWitt textbook what valve area would be considered severe aortic stenosis

Back 26

<1.0 cm2

Front 27

Dlv response to The Chronic pressure overload of a valvular aortic stenosis

Back 27

LVH

Front 28

Which erratic velocity is associated with severe aortic stenosis

Back 28

4.2 m/s

Front 29

The most common etiology of pulmonic stenosis

Back 29

congenital disease

Front 30

Which is not considered a high velocity systolic jet

Back 30

Aortic regurgitation

Front 31

Using Bernoulli's equation solve the following Michael stenotic Jed 3 m/s

Back 31

36 mmHg

Front 32

The number associated with the pressure high time empirical formula

Back 32

220 m/s

Front 33

The LA responds to mitral stenosis

Back 33

Dilation

Front 34

If you were scanning a 35 year-old patient that has a thick aortic valve and high in aortic stenosis what should you expect

Back 34

A bicuspid aortic valve

Front 35

What adapter measurement is needed for V?

RSVP = 4v2 + RAP

Back 35

Peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity

Front 36

The diaphragm moves blank during inspiration

Back 36

Down words

Front 37

Plug and parabolic flow is considered blank flow

Back 37

Laminar

Front 38

Number associated with turbulence and aluminum foil brand

Back 38

Reynolds

Front 39

Harmonic frequency sound arises from blank Behavior

Back 39

Nonlinear

Front 40

Venous flow in the legs increases when the diaphragm moves

Back 40

Upward

Front 41

Contrast agent bubbles must be less than blank in size

Back 41

10 micron

Front 42

Hematocrit is a good indicator of blood blank

Back 42

Viscosity

Front 43

The pressure difference between the vessel and the surrounding tissue is known as the blank

Back 43

Transmural pressure

Front 44

The shape of a vein with low venous pressure

Back 44

Dumbbell

Front 45

Viscosity of blood is measured in units of blank

Back 45

Poise

Front 46

Portion of the body that has a negative hydrostatic pressure when

Back 46

Head

Front 47

Flow in the arms increases during

Back 47

Inspiration

Front 48

This type of frequency arises from linear Behavior

Back 48

Fundamental