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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The primary cause of biological damage from radiation is? |
a. Ionization |
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Direct injury from radiation occurs when the x-ray photons do what? |
Strike critical cell molecules |
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Indirect injury from radiation occurs when the x-ray photons? |
Ionize water and form toxins |
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According to the law of B and T, cells with a high reproductive rate are described as? |
Radio -sensitive |
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Which of these cells are not radio-sensitive
a. Brain Cells b. Nerve cells c. White blood cells d. Mature bone cells |
C.White blood cells |
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Which of these cells are most radio-resistant?
a. Endothelial cells
b. Muscle Cells
c. Epithelial Cells
d. Red Blood Cells |
B. Muscle Cells |
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When the effect of a radiation exposure is observed in the offspring of an irradiated person, but not in the irradiated person, this is called the? |
Genetic Effect |
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A dose- response curve indicating that any amount of radiation, no mater how small, has the potential to cause a biological response called? |
Non-threshold |
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ALARA stands for: |
As Low As reasonably achievable |
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List the 5 possible biological responses of an irradiated cell |
???? |
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Each of the following is a factor that determines radiation injury except one. Which one is the EXCEPTION
a.size of irradiated area b. amount of radiation c. patient gender d. dose rate |
C. Patient Gender |
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According to the factors that determine radiation injury, based on age, who is the most radio-senstive
a. 6 year old
b. 16 year old
c. 26 year old
d. 46 year old |
A. 6 year old |
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Which of the following is the correct sequence of events following radiation exposures |
Latent Period, Period of Injury, Recovery period |
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When a biological response is based on the probability of occurrence rather than the severity of the changes, it is called a |
Stochastic Effect |
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Which of these considered a short- term outcome following radiation exposure?
A. Embryological Exposure
B. Cataracts
C. Acute radiation syndrome
D. Cancer |
C. Acute Radiation Syndrome |
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Full-term, low birth weight is possibly associated with radiation exposure to which of the following?
a. thryoid gland b. hypothalmus c. pituitary gland d. All of the above |
D. ALL of the Above |
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During exposure of an intraoral dental radio-graph approximately how much smaller is the dose of radiation in the gonadal area than at the surface of the face ?
a. 0.10 b. 0.01 c. 0.001 d. 0.0001 |
D. 0.0001 |
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Each of the following is n the path of the x-ray beam during exposure of an intraoral dental radio-graph on an adult patient. Which on, because of its relative radio-resistancy is not considered critical for dental radiography?
a. Mandible b. Lens of the eye c. spinal cord d. thyroid |
C. Spinal Cord |
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The potential risk of a full mouth dental x-ray examination inducing cancer in a patient has been estimated to be?
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D. 2.5 per 1,000,000 examinations |
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What term best expresses comparisons between dental radiation exposures and natural background exposure.
a. Absorbed b. Effective dose equivalent c. Accumulated Dose d. Lethal Dose |
B. Effective Dose Equivalent |
