Chapter 27- Ap2 - The Male Reproductive System

Front 1

___ means that the offspring receives genetic material from 2 parents

Back 1

biparental

Front 2

sex cells?
fertilized egg?

Back 2

gametes
zygote

Front 3

the sperm's purpose is?

the ovum's purpose is?

Back 3

provides motility

contains nutrients

Front 4

Primary sex organs for the male?
Secondary sex organs for the male?
Secondary sex characteristics?

Back 4

gonads or testes

ducts, glands, and the penis
public, axillary, and facial hair, scent glands, low pitched voice

Front 5

External genitalia are located __
Internal genitalia are located __

Back 5

perineum
pelvic cavity

Front 6

our cells contain __ pairs of chromosomes

Back 6

23
22 pairs of autosomes
1 pair of sex chromosomes

Front 7

When a fetus is sexually undifferentiated it contains 2 sets of ducts?

Back 7

mesonephric (male)
paramesonephric (female)

Front 8

SRY gene or the sex-determining region of Y gene does what?

Mullerian-inhibiting factor does what?

Back 8

codes for a protein that causes development of testes

degenerates the paramesonephric duct

Front 9

Female development occurs in the absence of ___ hormones

Back 9

adrogen;
testosterone or male hormones

Front 10

Androgen-insensitivity syndrome is when?

Back 10

genetic males show female characteristics

Front 11

At what week do fetuses show sexual differentiation?

Where do they first develop?

Back 11

end of week 9; by week 12 there are distinctively formed

near the kidneys

Front 12

the penis is homologous to the ___
the scrotum is homologous to the ___

Back 12

clitoris

labia majora

Front 13

___ is a connective tissue cord that extends from the gonad to the floor of the pelvic cavity

Back 13

gubernaculum; accompanied by testicular nerve, artery, and vein

Front 14

___ is the fold of peritoneum that extends into the scrotum

Back 14

vaginal process; both males and females have it

Front 15

What is the most common site for herniation in boys and men?

Back 15

inguinal canal; called inguination

Front 16

When do the testes begin to descend?

Back 16

at 6 weeks; by 7th month they pass through the inguinal canal (guided by gubernaculum)

Front 17

Cryptochidism?

Back 17

boys born with undescended testes

Front 18

___ is the pouch of skin, muscles, and fibrous connective tissue containing testes

Back 18

scrotum

Front 19

What are the 3 mechanisms to regulate temperature for the testes?

Back 19

1. cremaster muscle- pulls close to body
2. dartos muscle- reduces surface area
3. pampiniform plexus- countercurrent of veins that exchanges heat

Front 20

The spermatic cord contain?

Back 20

ducuts deferns, blood, lymph vessels, and testicular nerve

Front 21

__ are combined endocrine and exocrine glands that produce sex hormones and sperm

Back 21

testes (testicles)

Front 22

__ are the white fibrous capsule on testes

Back 22

tunica albuginea

Front 23

Interstitial (leydig) cells do what?

Sustentacular cells do what?

Back 23

produce testosterone

promote sperm cell development

Front 24

__ is where the sperm is produced

Back 24

tunica albuginea

Front 25

__ protects sperm against immune system and is formed by __

Back 25

blood-testes barrier (BTB)

tight junctions between sustentacular cells

Front 26

__ is where the sperm is stored

Back 26

epididymis (has a head, body, and tail)

Front 27

__ contacts to propel the sperm along

Back 27

vas deferens

Front 28

What role does the seminal vesicle and the prostate play?

Back 28

add the fluid that makes up the semen

Front 29

The testicular nerves lead to the gonads from spinal cord segments ___ and ___

Back 29

T10 and T11

Front 30

The ___ duct passes through the prostate and empties into the __

Back 30

ejaculatory

urethra

Front 31

What are the 3 regions of the urethra?

Back 31

prostatic, membranous, and spongy penile urethra

Front 32

3 sets of glands in the male:
seminal vesicle
prostate gland
bulbourethral gland

Back 32

1. empties into ejaculatory duct
2. surrounds urehtra and ejac duct
3. lubricating fluid

Front 33

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Prostate cancer?

Back 33

non-cancerous enlargement of gland

second most common cancer

Front 34

What are the 3 cylindrical bodies of erectile tissue?

Back 34

one corpus spongiosum; bulbospongiosus muscle
two copora cavernosa; ischiocavernosus muscle

Front 35

Prepause?

Smegma?

Back 35

foreskin

waxysecretion

Front 36

___ is the period of onset gonadotropin secretion and first sign of sex characteristics

Back 36

adolescence

Front 37

___ is occurs with the first ejaculation or period

Back 37

puberty

Front 38

From puberty through adulthood, reproductive function is regulated by __. __. and __

Back 38

hypothalamus
pituitary gland
gonads

Front 39

The mature hypothalamus produced ___ which secrete __ and __ in the anterior pituitary lobe

Back 39

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

LH and FSH

Front 40

Sex drive?

Back 40

libido

Front 41

__ is the hormone that reduces sperm production without reducing LH and testosterone

Back 41

Inhibin

Front 42

Erectile dysfunction or impotence?

Back 42

the inability to produce or maintain erection sufficient for intercourse; less than 25 million

Front 43

Climacteric?

Back 43

menopause

Front 44

Mitosis produces?
Meiosis produces?

Back 44

produces 2 identical diploid cells
produces 4 unique haploid cells

Front 45

__ is the process of sperm production in seminiferous tubules

Back 45

spermatogensis

Front 46

Spermiogenesis is 4 spermatids that divide no further, but undergo a transformation in which it differentiates into a ___

Back 46

spermatozoon (has a head and tail)

Front 47

The acrosome contains?

Back 47

enzymes that help penetrate the egg

Front 48

What are two requirements for sperm motility?

Back 48

elevated pH and an energy source

Front 49

4 phases of the male sexual response?

Back 49

excitement
plateau
orgasm
resolution

Front 50

Sympathetic nerves induce?

Parasympathetic nerves induce?

Back 50

sexual thoughts and senses

erection and physical response

Front 51

3 bacterial STDs
3 viral STDs

Back 51

Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphils

Genital herpes, Genital warts, Hepatisis B and C

Front 52

__ is the period following resolution in which it is usually impossible to attain another erection or orgasm (10 minutes to few hours)

Back 52

refractory

Front 53

Ejaculation occurs in 2 stages
emission?
expulsion?

Back 53

1. sympathetic nervous system propels sperm
2. semen in urethra activates muscular contractions that lead to expulsion