Chapter 13

Front 1

Middle adulthood is a time of....

Back 1

significant transitions.

Front 2

Developmental period that begins at about 40 years of age and extends to about 60 years of age.

Back 2

Middle Adulthood

Front 3

What changes during middle adulthood?

Back 3

Grown children leave home, career views change, marriages undergo re-evaluation, a period of deepening roots, and health concerns become increasingly important.

Front 4

Referred to midlife as the "afternoon of life"; Time serves as an important preparation for late adulthood; Time of reflection, evaluation, and anticipation; Sandwich generation; Expanding responsibility; More conscious young-old polarity and shrinking time; Financial career stability, and community and political prowess.

Back 4

Carl Jung

Front 5

Take care of older and younger generations.

Back 5

"Sandwich" generation

Front 6

What are 3 frequent illnesses in middle adulthood?

Back 6

Heart disease, cancer, and stroke

Front 7

Women strive to make themselves...

Back 7

look younger, with surgery, hair dying, and weight reduction, etc.

Front 8

Midlife physical changes are usually..

Back 8

gradual.

Front 9

What is the most visible sign of physical changes?

Back 9

Physical appearance

Front 10

There are also changes in...

Back 10

vision and hearing.

Front 11

Term given to age related loss of muscle mass and strength; Literally means a lack or deficiency of the flesh; Testerone related in males.

Back 11

Sarcopenia

Front 12

What is the rate of muscle loss?

Back 12

1-2% per year past the age of 50 (Osteoperosis becomes more likely)

Front 13

In women, estrogen reduction leads to a decrease in ________; Lower estrogen levels are especially related to _________.

Back 13

absorption; menopause

Front 14

What can be used to offset menopause?

Back 14

Hormone replacement therapy

Front 15

At what rate do women experience bone loss?

Back 15

At twice the rate of men

Front 16

What can be helpful to offset osteoporosis?

Back 16

Endurance training and weight bearing exercises are helpful in both men and women.

Front 17

Reproductive capacity.....

Back 17

decreases with age.

Front 18

What happens when male testosterone production declines?

Back 18

Reduced sexual drive and sperm count slowly declines. (Men do not lose their fertility)

Front 19

What happens to females when estrogen production declines?

Back 19

Decrease in reproductive organs, decrease in skin elasticity and bone mass, and decrease in genital stimulation.

Front 20

When do women experience fertility issues? Most fertile?

Back 20

Mid 30's and following; Early 20's

Front 21

The midlife transition in which fertility declines or reduction in reproductive capacity.

Back 21

Climacteric

Front 22

Males experience a modest decline in __________ and activity; _____ may shrink very gradually; The amount of _______ and _______ of sperm showed a gradual decrease after age ___; Testosterone production continues _______.

Back 22

Sexual hormone level; Testes; semen, concentration, 40; Throughout life.

Front 23

Believed that 72% of individuals over 50 are sexually active ; 1 in 3 over age 85 are sexually active.

Back 23

Colin Cowherd

Front 24

What percentages of men and women masterbate?

Back 24

Men--43% over Age 70; Women--33%

Front 25

The complete cessation of a woman's menustration, which usually occurs in the lat 40's or early 50's (Average age is 51); End of climacteric; Relates to mental absorption; Produces some uncomfortable symptoms such as "hot flashes", nausea, and rapt heartbeat;

Back 25

Menopause

Front 26

What can help to control some menopausal effects?

Back 26

Anti-depressants

Front 27

Probably has less to do with hormonal changes than psychological adjustment to overall decline.

Back 27

Male menopause

Front 28

Cardiologists who observed patients in their waiting rooms and developed Type A and Type B personalities.

Back 28

Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman

Front 29

Who was observed? What did Friedman and Rosenman observe in their study?

Back 29

Chairs in their waiting room were tattered and worn, but only the front edges; They noticed the impatience of their cardiac patients, who arrive exactly on time for an appointment and were in a great hurry to leave.

Front 30

Who did they observe behavioral patterns of?

Back 30

3000 healthy men between 35 and 59 over an 8 year period; One group had 2 times as many heart attacks.

Front 31

Extensively competitive, hard-driven, impatient, hostile, always on the go--These characteristics thought to be related to the incidence of heart disease.

Back 31

Type A behavior pattern

Front 32

Relaxed, easygoing, not time conscious, laid-back, calm

Back 32

Type B behavior pattern

Front 33

A personality style characterized by a sense of commitment, control, and a perception of problems as challenging;

Back 33

Hardiness

Front 34

Conducted the Chicago Stress Project on male business managers.

Back 34

Kobasa

Front 35

What are the 3 C's of hardiness?

Back 35

Commitment, Control, Challenges

Front 36

Who was studied and what study did Kobasa conduct?

Back 36

Male business managers 32-65 years old were studied over a 5-year period--Most experienced stressful events such as divorce, job transfers, and death, etc.; Managers who developed an illness were compared with those who did not--Those who did not were more likely to have a hardy personality; When all 3 factors were present in an executive's life, the level of illness dropped dramatically (This suggests the power of multiple buffers of stress)

Front 37

An individual's accumulated information and verbal skill; Broadened by experiences, education, cultural events, and association with intelligent spouse; Increases in middle adulthood and builds up in the 70's.

Back 37

Crystallized intelligence

Front 38

One's ability to reason abstractly; Raw information processing capabilities; Peaks in early to mid 30's and begins to decline in middle adulthood years.

Back 38

Fluid intelligence