Chapter 10 Reciew Physiology Of The Skin

Front 1

Physiology is most accurately described as the study of ____________.

Back 1

Functions of living organisms

Front 2

The largest organ of the body is the ____.

Back 2

Skin

Front 3

Appendages include ____, _____, _____, _____________.

Back 3

Hair, nails, sweat, and oil glands

Front 4

Your skin contains what fraction of your body’s primary immune cells?

Back 4

One half

Front 5

What does skin protect against?

Back 5

Outside elements and micro organisms.

Front 6

The barrier function of the skin includes ___________.

Back 6

The acid mantle

Front 7

What is the average pH of the acid mantle?

Back 7

5.5

Front 8

What does TEWL stand for?

Back 8

Transepidermal water loss

Front 9

The intercellular cement between epidermal cells is made up of _______.

Back 9

Lipids

Front 10

The immune cells that protect us from foreign substances are the ___________.

Back 10

Langerhans cells

Front 11

Sensory nerve fibers are most abundant in the __________.

Back 11

Fingertips

Front 12

The average body‘s internal thermostat is set at _________ degrees Fahrenheit.

Back 12

98.6

Front 13

Which glands excrete perspiration and detoxify the body?

Back 13

Sudoriferous

Front 14

The sebaceous glands ___________________.

Back 14

Protect skin from outside elements, soften the skin, and excrete sebum

Front 15

Intercellular means ___________ the cells.

Back 15

Between

Front 16

It is important to understand the function of each layer of the skin because it helps you to correctly ____________.

Back 16

Choose products and treatments

Front 17

Estheticians are licensed to work on __________.

Back 17

Only the epidermis

Front 18

About 95% of the epidermis is made up of ____________.

Back 18

Keratinocytes

Front 19

(What) Describes the stratum lucidum?

Back 19

The clear cells

Front 20

What is the average cell turnover rate for the skin cells of the epidermis?

Back 20

28 days

Front 21

Desquamation is the ________________.

Back 21

Shedding of the keratinocytes from the skin

Front 22

Squamous cells are _____, ________.

Back 22

Flat, scaly cells

Front 23

Which layer of the epidermis is located just below the stratum corneum?

Back 23

Stratum lucidum

Front 24

On which of these parts of the body is the skin the thickest?

Back 24

Palms

Front 25

Keratin and intercellular lipids are formed in the ______________.

Back 25

Stratum granulosum.

Front 26

Which layer of the skin produces melanin?

Back 26

Stratum Germinativum

Front 27

Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin?

Back 27

Stratum germinativum

Front 28

Which cells in the basal layer produce pigment granules?

Back 28

Melanocytes

Front 29

The thickest layer of the skin is called the ______.

Back 29

Dermis.

Front 30

The two layers of the dermis are the __________.

Back 30

Papillary and reticular

Front 31

Fibroblasts _____________________.

Back 31

Aid in the production of collagen and elastin.

Front 32

The junction of the dermis and epidermis is called the ________ layer.

Back 32

Papillary

Front 33

Stretch marks are caused by _______________.

Back 33

Damaged elastin fibers

Front 34

The primary cause of wrinkles is the damage and loss of __________.

Back 34

Elastin

Front 35

Subcutis or __________ tissue is found below the reticular layer.

Back 35

Adipose

Front 36

Subcutis or __________ tissue is found below the reticular layer.

Back 36

Adipose

Front 37

Identify the answer that is not a layer of the skin.

Back 37

Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, germinativum, papillary layer, reticular layer, subcutaneous tissue (crazy little grannies steal grandkids please return soon)

Front 38

If you have folliculitis, you have __________.

Back 38

Ingrown hair

Front 39

What fibers stimulate the arrector pilli muscles?

Back 39

Motor nerves

Front 40

Differences in genetic skin color are due to ________.

Back 40

Melanin

Front 41

Products that suppress melanin production by interrupting biochemical processes are referred to as ________________.

Back 41

Tyrosinase inhibitors

Front 42

Apocrine glands are most active ___________.

Back 42

During emotional changes

Front 43

What do cells need in order to survive?

Back 43

Nourishment, ability to function, and production.

Front 44

Which of the following answers stimulates cell turnover?

Back 44

Alpha-hydroxy acids

Front 45

Free radicals _____________, ________,________________.

Back 45

Are super oxidizers, attacked cell membranes, steal electrons from other atoms or molecules.

Front 46

Identify the greatest aging affect on skin.

Back 46

UV rays.

Front 47

Which of these is an indication of free radical damage?

Back 47

Red inflamed skin.

Front 48

___ are called the burning rays.

Back 48

UVB

Front 49

Approximately ________ percent of aging is caused by sun exposure.

Back 49

80-85

Front 50

As estrogen depletes, skin begins to __________.

Back 50

Lose its tone.

Front 51

Estrogen used in hormone replacement therapy can come from __________.

Back 51

Plants or animals