Physiology And Histology Of The Skin

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Histology and physiology

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The study of the anatomy layers and functions of the skin. Physiology and histology involve the study of the structure and composition of the skin tissue

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Skin

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The largest organ in the body

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Proteins

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The basic material and building blocks for body tissues

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Amino acid

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Building blocks of proteins amino acid form peptide and peptide form proteins

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Appendages of the skin

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Hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands

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Healthy skin

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Slightly moist, soft, smooth and somewhat acidic

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skin six primary function

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Sensation, protection, heat regulation, excretion, and absorption

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Sensation

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Sensations Felt on our skin cause us to feel, react, or more

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Protection

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The skin is a thin, yet strong, protective barrier to outside element and micro organism sebum on the epidermis gives protection from external factors

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Acid mantle

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The protective barrier made up of sebum, Lipids, sweat, and water. They form a hydrolipidic Film to protect skin from drying and from exposure to external factors.

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Acid mantle

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ph 5.5

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Barrier function

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Skins mechanism that protects us from irritation and intercellular transpidermal eater loss

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Trnsepidermal water loss

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The water loss caused by evaporation on the skins surface

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Intercellular matrix

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Fluid between epidermal cells

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Melanocytes

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Cells that produce pigment and protect our bodies from harmful ionizing UV rays. They produce pigment granules called melanosomes.

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Melanosomes

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Produce protein called melanin.

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Heat regulation

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Body normal temp is 98.6.

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Sudoriferous glands

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Serve to prevent the Body from overheating

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Secretion

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Sebum is an oily substance that protects the surface of the skin and lubricates both the skin and hair.

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Sebaceous glands

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Appendages attaches to follicles that produce sebum. These oils keep skin soft and protect from outside elements

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Skin

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50-70 percent water

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Skin

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50-70 percent water

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Absorption

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Skin absorbs topical products serum screams through cells hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

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Skins main components

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Hypodermis( subcutaneous) dermis, epidermis

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Subcutaneous layer

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Composed of loose conectivo tissue. Layer is 80% fat. Protective cushion gm gives contour and smoothness to body. A source of energy

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Dermis

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Support layer of connective tissues above hypodermis. 25 times thicker than epidermis consists of two layers. Reticular layer and papillary layer.

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Dermis

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Support layer of connective tissues above hypodermis. 25 times thicker than epidermis consists of two layers. Reticular layer and papillary layer.

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Dermis

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Connective tissue made of collagen protein and elastin fibers. Supplies skin with oxygen through blood vessels and lymphatic channels.

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Reticular layer

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Fender deeper layer of dermis. Mainly collagen and elastin

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Papillary layer

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Connects dermis to epidermis

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Collagen

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Gives skin strength necessary for wound healing. Produced by fibroblasts. 70% of dermis

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Glycosaminoglycans

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Large protein molecules found between fibers and dermis. Protein and sugar complexes

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Lymph vessels

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Remove waste product , bacteria and excess fluid

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Epidermis

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Outermost layer of the skin

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Epidemris

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Composed of 5 layers

Stratum germinativum

Stratum spinous

Stratum granulosum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum corneum

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Jeratinocytes

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Comprise 95% of the epidermis

Contain proteins and lipids

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Keratin

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Protein provides resiliency and protection. Hard keratin is found In hair and nails

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Motor efferent nerve fibers

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Wednesday impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the muscles or glands

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Sensory or afferant

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Nerve fiber send messages to the central nervous system and brain to react to heat cold pain pressure and touch

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Apocrine glands

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Have odor Due to interactions are bacteria and secretion on the surface of the skin

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Eccrine glands

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Found all over the body have no odor on four head palms of the hands and soles of the feet