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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the five functional groups? |
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What are the different types of bio molecules? |
carbs, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids |
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What do dehydration synthesis & hydrolysis do? |
Dehydration: takes hydrogen and oxygen off of end and produces water when it joins two molecules Hydrolysis: uses water as reactant to break down polymers |
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What is the mono/polymer of a protein and its structure? |
Monomer: amino acid - held together by peptide bond Polymer: polypeptide - structured like long, tangled wire |
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What is the mono/polymer of a carb and its structure? |
Monomer: monosaccharide Polymer: polysaccharide - Glucose and all poly saccharides have hydroxyl groups |
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What is the mono/polymer of nucleic acids and its structure? |
Monomer: nucleotide Polymer: nucleic acid |
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What determines a proteins function? |
It's shape which is determined by a segement in the DNA called a gene |
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What are the main monosaccharides and their functions? |
Glucose, fructose, and galactose serve as short term immediate energy sources |
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What are the three dissaccharides (sugars) coverered and what are they made up of? |
Maltose: glucose + glucose (grain) Sucrose: glucose + fructose (table) Lactose: glucose + galactose (milk) - held by glycosidic linkages (@ carbon 1 & 4) |
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What produces ATP? |
Cellular respiration |
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What are the different poly saccharides? |
Starch: in plant's chloroplast - moderatly branched Glycogen: in human liver - heavily branched Cellulose: in plant cell wall - linear & fibrous - insoluble in humans due to absent enzyme |
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What is the process of gene expression? |
DNA —> transciption —> mRNA —> translation —> protein |
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What is a common property shared by all fats? |
They're hydrophobic |
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What makes up the cell membrane? |
Phospholipids |
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What is the different between a phosopholipid and a fat molecule? |
Phopholipids have 2 fatty acid tails while fat molecules have 3 |
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What's the difference between a saturated fat and an unsaturated fat? |
Saturated fats have no double bond so they are typically solids while unsaturated bonds have AT LEAST one double bond in their tail and are typically liquids/oils at room temp. |
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What is the general functional of fats? |
Long time energy unlike carbs, give us 2x as much energy |
