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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What happens to the number of chromosomes in mitosis? |
They are duplicated. |
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Define Diploid. |
The number of chromosomes in a somatic cell. |
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Define Haploid. |
The number of chromosomes in a gamete cell. |
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Define Homologous Chromosomes. |
Same type of chromosome in the types of genes they carry. |
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What happens to the number of chromosomes in meiosis? |
They split in half. |
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What's the purpose of mitosis? |
To create Somatic body cells. |
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What's the purpose of meiosis? |
To create gametes. |
(Ex. Egg, sperm, pollen) |
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Define genotype. |
Tells the actual genes a person has. |
(Ex. BB, Bb, bb) |
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Define heredity. |
The passing on of characteristics from one generation to the next. |
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Define phenotype. |
Tell what the genes would have made the person look like. |
(Ex. Brown eyes, red hair, tall) |
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Monohybrid or dihybrid? |
Monohybrid. |
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Monohybrid of dihybrid? |
Dihybrid. |
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Define incomplete dominance. |
A cross between organisms with two different phenotypes. They produce offspring with a third phenotype that is a blend. |
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Define Co-Dominance. |
When both traits appear together. |
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Define sex linkage. |
Traits determined by genes carried only on the sex chromosomes. |
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Define polygenic inheritance. |
A single trait controlled by many genes. |
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Define epistasis. |
When many genes interact to control a single trait. |
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Define pleiotropy. |
When one gene affects more than one trait. |
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Define evolution. |
A change in the gene pool of a population over time. |
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Define fitness. |
A measure of an organism's genetic contribution to the next generation. |
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Define genetic drift. |
A random change in the gene pool. |
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Define population. |
A group of individuals of one species in a certain area. |
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Define species. |
A group of organisms that breed with one another and produce fertile offspring in the natural environment. |
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Define natural selection. |
Organisms with traits well suited to their environment. |
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What is another name for natural selection? |
Survival of the fittest. |
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What does it take to form a new species? |
Reproductive Isolation. |
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What are the 5 parts of the hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? |
1. No natural selection. 2. No migration. 3. No mutations. 4. Random mating. 5. An infinitely large population. |
(nnirn)<<<<<acronym |
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What happens when the Hardy-Weinberg conditions are met? |
The gene pool would stay the same so Evolution wouldn't happen. |
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List the four rules of natural selection. |
1. Overproduction. 2. Genetic variation. 3. Struggle to survive. 4. Differential reproduction. |
GODS 2143 |
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Define carrying capacity. |
The number of individuals that an environment can support. |
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What happens to the electrons in the chlorophyll when they absorb light? |
The energy from the light excites the electron. |
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What colors are absorbed by chlorophyll the most? |
Violet, blue & red. |
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What is produced when your muscle cells are forced into fermentation? |
Lactic acid. |
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Where does most of the energy go from breaking down glucose? |
It's turned into heat. |
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What is the purpose of photosynthesis? |
To make glucose. |
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What is the formula for photosynthesis? |
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + (light energy) >>> C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 |
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What's the organelle for photosynthesis? |
Chloroplast. |
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What are the names of the processes in photosynthesis? |
Light reactions & Calvin cycle. |
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What's the purpose of cellular respiration? |
The portion of the energy from glucose into more usable molecules of ATP. |
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What is the formula for cellular respiration? |
C6 H12 06 + 6 CO2 >>> 6 H20 + ENERGY |
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What is the organelle for cellular respiration? |
Mitochondria. |
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What are the names of the processes in cellular respiration? |
Glycolysis, the kreb cycle, oxidative decarboxylation, and the electron transport chain. |
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