Semester 2 Biology, Exam 3

Front 1

Which protists were the first to have mitochondria?

Back 1

EUGLENOIDS

Front 2

Which protists were responsible for "red tides?"

Back 2

DINOFLAGELLATES

Front 3

What group of protists is considered the direct ancestor of plants?

Back 3

CHOLOROPHYTA

Front 4

What group of protists is considered the direct ancestor of all animals?

Back 4

CHOANOFLAGELLIDA

Front 5

What group of protists is used as indicators of oil and geological markers? These protists resemble tiny snails.

Back 5

FORAMINIFERA

Front 6

What are some statements of support for endosymbiosis?

Back 6

-respiration proteins found in folds of mitochondria membrane
-size of organelles similar to size of prokaryotes

Front 7

What characteristic unites all protists?

Back 7

not fungi, plant, or animal

Front 8

What does the protist form during times when the environment cannot support life?

Back 8

CYST

Front 9

When does a protist perform sexual reproduction?

Back 9

during times of stress

Front 10

What types of protists eat food in soluble form?

Back 10

OSMOTROPH

Front 11

What term describes the point where 2 haploid nuclei coexist in a single cell?

Back 11

DIKARYON

Front 12

What type of fungi have the greatest surface-area to volume ratio?

Back 12

UNICELLULAR FUNGI

Front 13

Name the structure on each hyphae that allows it to penetrate land.

Back 13

HAUSTORIA

Front 14

What substance is found in fungi cell walls?

Back 14

CHITIN

Front 15

What is the standard subunit of fungi?

Back 15

HYPHAE

Front 16

What group contains 75% of known fungi, including bread yeasts and common molds?

Back 16

ASCOMYCOTA

Front 17

Name the term for the symbiosis between fungi and photosynthetic algae.

Back 17

LICHEN

Front 18

What type of mycorrhizae penetrates the outer cells of plant roots?

Back 18

ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAE

Front 19

What type of mycorrhizae surrounds the plant roots (found in forest trees and orchids)?

Back 19

ECTOMYCHORRIZAE

Front 20

Name the tpe of plants that feed off of mycorrhizae and are non-photosynthetic.

Back 20

EPIPARASITE

Front 21

Plants are...

Back 21

1. Heteromorphic
2. Eukaryotic
3. Autotrophic
4. Haplodiplontic
5. Multicellular

Front 22

What substance in plants ensures that it stays vertical?

Back 22

Lignin.

Front 23

Which of the following applies to all bryophytes?

Back 23

No conducting vessels.

Front 24

In which of the bryophytes does the sporophyte continue to grow (not just for reproduction)?

Back 24

ANTHOCEROPHYTA.

Front 25

Which bryophyte grows prostrate and uses gemmae for sexual reproduction?

Back 25

None.
But Hepaticophyta(liverworts) has these characteristics, except it uses gemmae for ASEXUAL reproduction.

Front 26

Name the reproductive structures on back of ferns.

Back 26

SORI.

Front 27

What do whisk ferns lack?

Back 27

ROOTS, LEAVES, AND SEEDS.

Front 28

What are used as pot scrubbers by Native Americans?

Back 28

HORSETAILS.

Front 29

What does a seed accomplish?

Back 29

1. Protects embryo from drought, predator.
2. Increases dispersal.
3. No need for water to reproduce.
4. Pollination through wind, insects, mammals, birds.

Front 30

What is the underground stem called?

Back 30

RHIZOME

Front 31

What group of gymnosperms produce ephedrine and is most closely related to angiosperms?

Back 31

GNETOPHYTA

Front 32

How do conifers prevent self-fertilization?

Back 32

MALE CONES LOCATED BELOW FEMALE CONES

Front 33

Which gymnosperm group has needle-like leaves?

Back 33

CONIFEROPHYTA

Front 34

What makes male Ginkgo trees smell?

Back 34

SEED(CONTAINS BUTYRIC/ISOBUTYRIC ACID)

Front 35

Advancements in Angiosperms?

Back 35

Flower, broad leaves, fruits

Front 36

What structure creates pollen?

Back 36

Anther.

Front 37

What structure creates eggs?

Back 37

GYNOECIUM.

Front 38

Characteristic of a dicots?

Back 38

1. Parallel veins in leaves
2. Scattered vascular bundles.
3. Monosculate pollen.
4. Floral parts in multiples of 3.

Front 39

Characteristic of a monocots?

Back 39

1. Netted veins in leaves
2. Vascular bundles in rings.
3. Tricolpate pollen.
4. Floral parts in multiples of 4, 5.

Front 40

What is the main component of wood?

Back 40

xylem

Front 41

Which meristems promote primary growth?

Back 41

apical meristem

Front 42

Name the apical merisstems that replace the main shoot when it is eaten or broken off.

Back 42

axillary buds

Front 43

What replaces the fatty cutin layer in plants with secondary growth?

Back 43

bark

Front 44

Name the hairlike growths from the epidermis of plants that can secrete toxic substances to deter herbivores.

Back 44

trichomes

Front 45

Where on the leaf are stomata mostly found?

Back 45

lower epidermis