Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and Natural Selection Lab
Introduction
In this lab we were able to experiment to better understand the concepts of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and Natural Selection. The theory of Evolution states that populations that are evolving will have allele and genotype frequencies that change from generation to generation. To evaluate whether a population is evolving, the Hardy-Weinberg equation is used. A population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if there is no change in the allele and genotype frequencies from generation to generation. The five conditions that must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium include: no mutations, random mating, no natural selection, extremely large population size, and …show more content…
Working in groups of two, gather the larger container with a lid, medicine counting tray, and beads in three different colors. The three different colored beads represent a possible genotype for a specific trait (BB, Bb, and bb).
2. Use the medicine counting tray to count out 245 blue beads, 210 purple beads, and 45 white beads. Place all of the beads in the container and mix them gently with the lid on.
3. The blue beads represent the BB genotype (homozygous dominant), the purple beads represent the Bb genotype (heterozygous), and the white beads represent the bb genotype (homozygous recessive).
4. Calculate the allele frequency of p and q using the Hardy-Weinberg equation.
5. To simulate random mating, take the container of the thoroughly mixed beads and, without looking, remove the first two beads that are touched. This represents the first random mating. Repeat this procedure 25 times. Each time putting the beads back into the container.
6. Calculate the genotype frequencies, expressed as fractions or decimals, using Punnett squares
7. Add the numbers for each of the possible genotypes produced by the matings in columns 8–10 of Table 2.
8. Calculate the frequency of p and q based on the values obtained for the random mating of the …show more content…
Survival of the fittest is when one organisms thrives and survives longer than another due to traits. In this experiment we got to see how because the black rice was camouflaged in the brown dirt compared to the red rice that was easy to spot the black rice survived and the population increased. The percentage of rice grains would change with each generation. The black rice population would increase while the red rice population would decrease. One weakness I noticed in this experiment was that the red rice would keep breaking into smaller pieces so it would become harder to pick them out with the forceps. Perhaps a different rice that did not break as easily could be used to improve data
Introduction
In this lab we were able to experiment to better understand the concepts of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and Natural Selection. The theory of Evolution states that populations that are evolving will have allele and genotype frequencies that change from generation to generation. To evaluate whether a population is evolving, the Hardy-Weinberg equation is used. A population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium if there is no change in the allele and genotype frequencies from generation to generation. The five conditions that must be met for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium include: no mutations, random mating, no natural selection, extremely large population size, and …show more content…
Working in groups of two, gather the larger container with a lid, medicine counting tray, and beads in three different colors. The three different colored beads represent a possible genotype for a specific trait (BB, Bb, and bb).
2. Use the medicine counting tray to count out 245 blue beads, 210 purple beads, and 45 white beads. Place all of the beads in the container and mix them gently with the lid on.
3. The blue beads represent the BB genotype (homozygous dominant), the purple beads represent the Bb genotype (heterozygous), and the white beads represent the bb genotype (homozygous recessive).
4. Calculate the allele frequency of p and q using the Hardy-Weinberg equation.
5. To simulate random mating, take the container of the thoroughly mixed beads and, without looking, remove the first two beads that are touched. This represents the first random mating. Repeat this procedure 25 times. Each time putting the beads back into the container.
6. Calculate the genotype frequencies, expressed as fractions or decimals, using Punnett squares
7. Add the numbers for each of the possible genotypes produced by the matings in columns 8–10 of Table 2.
8. Calculate the frequency of p and q based on the values obtained for the random mating of the …show more content…
Survival of the fittest is when one organisms thrives and survives longer than another due to traits. In this experiment we got to see how because the black rice was camouflaged in the brown dirt compared to the red rice that was easy to spot the black rice survived and the population increased. The percentage of rice grains would change with each generation. The black rice population would increase while the red rice population would decrease. One weakness I noticed in this experiment was that the red rice would keep breaking into smaller pieces so it would become harder to pick them out with the forceps. Perhaps a different rice that did not break as easily could be used to improve data