Biology Chapter 10 Test

Front 4

T or F Cells grow indefinitely.

Back 4

false

Front 5

If true, then how do they accomplish this? If false, then what do they do?

Back 5

divide

Front 6

Identify 3 reasons why the above occurs.

Back 6

DNA overload…slow diffusion…volume vs. surface area

Front 7

What is the product of cell division?

Back 7

2 new daughter cells

Front 8

What must copy itself before dividing?

Back 8

DNA

Front 9

This process is called _____________________.

Back 9

replication

Front 10

Compare and contrast mitosis with cytokinesis.

Back 10

both involve a division of cell parts…mitosis is nuclear division and cytokinesis is cytoplasm division

Front 11

Spaghetti is to pasta as __________ is to DNA.

Back 11

chromatin

Front 12

“X-shaped” DNA in dividing cells are __________________.

Back 12

chromosome

Front 13

T or F More complex organisms have more chromosomes.

Back 13

false

Front 14

Identical strands of DNA attached after duplication are called ______________________.

Back 14

sister chromatids

Front 15

Identify the attachment point of these replicated chromosomes.

Back 15

centromere

Front 16

How many distinct phases make up the cell cycle?

Back 16

4

Front 17

Place the phases in order of their occurrence.

Back 17

G1, S, G2, M

Front 18

The end of one cell division to the beginning of the next is called _______________________.

Back 18

interphase

Front 19

How many of the distinct phases make-up this overall cell event?

Back 19

3

Front 20

Identify the main thing that occurs during each of the events above.

Back 20

G1 = cell growth…S = DNA replication…G2 = organelles for mitosis made

Front 21

The dividing nucleus is called __________________.

Back 21

mitosis

Front 22

How many distinct phases make up this major part of the cell cycle?

Back 22

4

Front 23

Identify and order these phases.

Back 23

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Front 24

What main thing happens during each phase?

Back 24

prophase = centrioles move to poles and attach spindles, metaphase = sister chromatids align in middle of cell, anaphase = separation of sister chromatids, telophase = chromosomes uncoil into chromatin as nuclear envelopes develop and cytokinesis begins

Front 25

What happens during cytokinesis?

Back 25

cell membrane pinches inward dividing cytoplasm

Front 26

Contrast animal and plant cells regarding cytokinesis.

Back 26

animals = membrane pinches inward…plant = cell plate forms from which wall and membrane come

Front 27

T or F Cell cycle rates are different for different cell types.

Back 27

true

Front 28

Identify 2 cell types that don’t divide.

Back 28

muscle, nerve, red blood cells once made don’t divide

Front 29

What inhibits cell growth when a petri dish is used?

Back 29

contact with wall of dish or each other

Front 30

Identify the first protein discovered that regulated the cell cycle.

Back 30

cyclins

Front 31

Compare and contrast regular cells with cancer cells.

Back 31

both are dividing cells…regular cells have interphase while cancer cells continually divide

Front 32

A cell mass that damages surrounding tissues is called a ___________________

Back 32

tumor

Front 33

Compare and contrast benign and malignant cancer cells.

Back 33

both are cancer cell types…malignant cells break free and spread cancer to other body areas

Front 34

What gene is damaged or defective that is often the cause of cells not responding to normal control signals?

Back 34

p53

Front 35

All different cell types of any organism comes from how many cells?

Back 35

one

Front 36

What does it mean when a cell “differentiates”?

Back 36

specializes to perform a specific function

Front 37

What type of cells can develop into most any body type of cell?

Back 37

stem cells

Front 38

Which has greater differentiation capabilities…embryonic or adult cells?

Back 38

embryonic stem cells

Front 39

What is the advantage of the type of cells mentioned above?

Back 39

potential re-growth or repair of damaged organ tissues