Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
adenine
|
a nitrogen-containing pase that is a component of a nucleotide
|
|
|
anticodon
|
a region of tRNA consisting of three bases complementary to the codon of mRNA
|
|
|
base-pairing rule
|
in DNA, cytosine pairs with guanine and adenind with thymine; in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil
|
|
|
codon
|
a group of three sequential nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule
|
|
|
complimentary base pairs
|
a set of two proteins that normally pairs with one another according to the base-pair rule
|
|
|
cytosine
|
a nitrogen-containing base, a pyrimidine of DNA and RNA
|
|
|
deoxyribose
|
the sugar molecules in a DNA nucleotide
|
|
|
DNA polymerase
|
an enzyme that binds to the separated strands of DNA and assembles dach strand's compliment in replication
|
|
|
double helix
|
the shape ot a DNA's strand
|
|
|
genetic code
|
triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in proteins
|
|
|
guanine
|
a nitrogen-containing base that is a component of a nucleotide
|
|
|
helocase
|
an enzyme that separates DNA strands before replication
|
|
|
messenger RNA (mRNA)
|
the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the rebosomes
|
|
|
mutation
|
a change in DNA
|
|
|
nitrogen-containing base
|
a DNA molecule containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group
|
|
|
promoter
|
a nucleotide sequence on a DNA molecule that, when attached to an RNA polymerase molecule, will initiate transcription of a specific structural gene
|
|
|
protein synthesis
|
the formation of proteins using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA
|
|
|
purine
|
an organic molecule that has a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
|
|
|
pyrimidline
|
an organic molecule that has a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
|
|
|
replication
|
the process by which DNA copies itself during interphase
|
|
|
replication fork
|
the points at which the DNA strands separate during replication
|
|
|
ribose
|
the five-carbon sugar in RNA
|
|
|
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
|
the type of RNA found in a ribose
|
|
|
RNA poymerase
|
the primary transcription enzyme
|
|
|
start codon
|
the codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule
|
|
|
stop codon
|
causes the ribosome to stop translatingmRNA; UAA UAG UGA
|
|
|
termination signal
|
a specific sequence of events that marks the end of a gene in eukaryots
|
|
|
thymine
|
a nitrogen-containing base, on component of a nucleotide
|
|
|
transcription
|
the process in which RNA is made from DNA
|
|
|
transfer RNA (tRNA)
|
the type of RNA that carries amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
|
|
|
translation
|
the process of converting the fenetic code in RNA into the amino acid seuence that makes up a protein
|
|
|
uracil
|
a nitrogen-containing base found in RNA
|
