Bio 3301 Test 4

Front 1

Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys?

Back 1

they act directly on the interstitial fluid, the fluid that bathes the cells, to maintain constancy in its composition

Front 2

The functional unit of the kidney is the

Back 2

nephron

Front 3

Which of the following statements about juxtamedullary nephrons is incorrect?

Back 3

their glomeruli lie in the renal medulla

Front 4

The peritubular capillaries
A. supply nutrients and O2 to the tubular cells
B. take up the substances that are reabsorbed by the tubules
C. Supply substances that are secreted by the tubules
D. all of these

Back 4

D. all of these

Front 5

Vasa recta are associated with

Back 5

juxtamedullary nephron

Front 6

The renal process whereby substances are selectively transferred from the peritubular blood into the renal tubule is

Back 6

secretion

Front 7

The glomerular filtrate

Back 7

is a protein-free plasma and is formed as a result of passive forces acting across the glomerular membrane

Front 8

The glomerular capillary blood pressure in the nephron is 78 mm Hg. The Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure is 24 mm Hg. The colloidal osmotic pressure is 18 mm Hg. The net filtration pressure is _____ mm Hg

Back 8

36

Front 9

Changes in the glomerular filtration rates are accomplished through
A. autoregulation
B. myogenic
C. vasoactive responses in the afferent arteriole
D. all of these

Back 9

D. all of these

Front 10

The macula densa

Back 10

consists of specialized tubular cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus

Front 11

Tubular reabsorption

Back 11

occurs by either active or passive transport and involves the process of transepithelial transport

Front 12

The Na+-K+ ATPase transport system that plays a pivotal role in much of tubular reabsorption is located in the

Back 12

basolateral membrane of tubular cells

Front 13

The greatest percentage of Na+ reabsorption takes place in the

Back 13

proximal tubule

Front 14

Aldosterone

Back 14

stimulates Na+ reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules and stimulates K+ secretion in the distal tubule

Front 15

Which of the following does not play a role in Na+ reabsorption?

Back 15

vasopressin

Front 16

Water reabsorption is under the control of vasopressin

Back 16

only in the distal and collecting tubules

Front 17

Tubular secretion

Back 17

involves transepithelial transport and is the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid

Front 18

Tubular secretion of foreign substances, such as drugs, generally occurs in the

Back 18

collecting duct

Front 19

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle of a juxtamedullary nephron

Back 19

actively transports NaCl out of the lumen into the interstitial fluid and is always impermeable to H2O

Front 20

Which part of the juxtamedullary nephron is responsible for establishing the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney?

Back 20

loop of Henle

Front 21

Select the incorrect statement about ADH

Back 21

it is produced by the distal convoluted tubule

Front 22

Micturition
A. is the process of emptying the bladder
B. is a parasympathetic reflex
C. is initiated when stretch receptors in the bladder wall are excited
D. requires a relaxed external urethral sphincter
E. all of these

Back 22

E. all of these

Front 23

When the bladder wall is distended as a result of urine accumulation, the stretch receptors are stimulated and send afferent impulses to the spinal cord that

Back 23

stimulate parasympathetic nerves, which return to the bladder and cause it to contract and inhibit the motor neurons that normally keep the external urethral sphincter closed

Front 24

The largest percentage of water is located in which body "compartment"?

Back 24

intracellular fluid

Front 25

The component that constitutes the largest percentage of body weight is

Back 25

H2O

Front 26

Extracellular fluid
A. increases plasma
B. includes interstitial fluid
C. constitutes a smaller percentage of total body water than does intracellular fluid
D. includes lymph
E. all of these

Back 26

E. all of these

Front 27

The barrier between the plasma and the interstitial fluid

Back 27

is the blood vessel walls

Front 28

The primary anion of the ECF is

Back 28

chloride

Front 29

The ion in greatest concentration within the cytoplasm is

Back 29

potassium ion

Front 30

Sodium is directly or indirectly controlled through all of these mechanisms except

Back 30

by altering gastrointestinal absorption

Front 31

When isotonic fluid is added to the ECF, fluid

Back 31

will not shift between the ECF and ICF

Front 32

Hypothalamic osmoreceptors are nearest to

Back 32

vasopressin-secreting cells

Front 33

Which is a source of water input?

Back 33

fluid intake and ingested food

Front 34

Normal blood pH

Back 34

is slightly basic, and falls between 7.35 and 7.45

Front 35

Select the primary buffer system in the ECF

Back 35

bicarbonate/carbonic acid

Front 36

Remembering that compensation is not a cure which statement is incorrect?

Back 36

the respiratory system can compensate completely for metabolic acidosis

Front 37

Below is a listing of nephron components and associated structures
1. descending limb of loop of Henle
2. bowman's capsule
3. collecting tubule
4. ascending limb of loop of Henle
5. distal tubule
6. proximal tubule

Back 37

2,6,1,4, 5, 3

Front 38

The major source of water loss from the body is

Back 38

urine