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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are biological molecules synthesized and what is the reaction known as? |
They are synthesized by forming Covalent between subunit/monomers using dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction. |
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What is a hydrolysis reaction? |
A reaction that breaks down molecules by adding water molecules. |
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What are the function of carbohydrates? |
Carbohydrate such as glucose and polymers are used as an energy source in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Plants and anthropods use carbohydrate polymers as structural element. |
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What is the structure of carbohydrates? |
Composed of C,H and O Simplistic form saccharide can be linear but most commonly cyclic containing 5 or 6 carbons. |
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What are aldose and ketose? |
Glucose and galactose are aldose as they have a aldehyde group Fructose is a ketose as it has a ketone group |
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How are glucose, galactose and fructose isomers? |
The 3 sugars all have C6H12O6 but differ in arrangement of atoms |
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How are carbohydrates classified? |
By number of monomers in structure (mono, di, poly) and number of carbons in monomer (triose, maltose, hexose) |
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How does Pentose and hexose exist? |
They can exist as both linear and ring structure |
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How do monosaccharides form ring structures? |
To form a ring a carbons in aldose group forms bond with OH to become COOH. |
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How are monosaccharides attached to each other? |
They are attached to each other covalently with glycosidic bonds that are formed using a condensation reaction involving the lose of H2O. |
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What is starch? |
Starch is a polysaccharide formed by chains of glucose molecules |
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What is cellulose? |
Cellulose is a polysaccharide of glucose molecules with covalent bonds that are non digestible by animals. |
