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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State the structural difference between alpha and beta glucose
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Alpha OH at C1 is at bottom
Beta OH at C1 is at top |
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Describe structure of alpha glucose
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>Hexose 6C monosaccharide sugar
>Ring structure |
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Explain how structure of glucose relates to function
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Animals and plants have enzymes shaped to break down alpha-glucose but not beta-glucose as the shape is different. Provides energy via respiration.
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Define carbohydrate
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Group of molecules containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio Cn(H20)n. Sugars, starches, glycogen and cellulose.
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What is the term for two glucose molecules bonded together?
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Disaccharide - maltose
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What is the term for lots of glucose molecules bonded together?
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Polysaccharide - amylose
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Describe the structure of starch and glycogen.
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>Many alpha-glucose molecules chained together by glycosidic bonds formed by condensation reactions
>Branched chains >Polysaccharide >1 to 4 links |
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Condensation or hydrolysis reactions in living organisms are catalysed by ______.
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Enzymes
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Polysaccharides consist of hundreds of thousands of _______ monomers.
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monosaccharides
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Describe the structure of cellulose.
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>Many beta-glucose molecules joined together form fibres
>Fibres are hydrogen bonded to form bundles of microfibrils >Microfibrils are hydrogen bonded to form bundles called macrofibrils |
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Define structure of amylose.
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>Polysaccharide
>Part of starch molecules >Lots of alpha-glucose chained together |
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Define the function of cellulose.
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Structural support in plants
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Show how the glycosidic bond is formed and broken.
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Name the bond in carbohydrates.
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Glycosidic.
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Where are starch and glycogen found?
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Starch in plants
Glycogen in animal and funghi |
