Apes Chapter 19 Test Reveiw

Front 1

Describes the earth's average surface temperature for the past 900,000 year

Back 1

Prolonged periods of cooling and warming

Front 2

The most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere

Back 2

Water vapor

Front 3

The gas that has shown the greatest increase since the industrial revolution

Back 3

Carbon dioxide

Front 4

The average rise in global temperature in the last 100 years

Back 4

1 degree F

Front 5

The increase in carbon dioxide, in ppm, the last 200 years.

Back 5

100 ppm

Front 6

Methods of deriving past climate history

Back 6

Tree ring data, ice core bubbles, pollen and plankton artifacts, and radioisotopes of rocks and fossils

Front 7

The heat-waste problem can only be solved by

Back 7

Increasing the energy efficiency

Front 8

Problems associated with ocean surface acidity

Back 8

Disruption of food webs, reducing iron levels need for photosynthesis, decreasing phytoplankton populations, and dissolving calcium carbonate shells of marine animals

Front 9

Possible disastrous effects of a warmer atmosphere

Back 9

Sea level rise, Health problems, ice and snow melting, and flooding or drought

Front 10

Climate models predict that global warming will be most severe in

Back 10

Polar regions

Front 11

Adverse effects of rising sea levels

Back 11

Contaminate coastal aquifers, disrupt coastal fisheries, accelerate coastal erosion, and flood areas where one-third of the world's human population lives

Front 12

Reasons why addressing global climate change is difficult

Back 12

The problem is global, not regional, the problem is global, not regional, problems will be solved by long-term political solutions, and many of the problems and solutions are controversial

Front 13

Strategies to reduce climate change

Back 13

Improve energy efficiency, stop cutting down tropical forests, carbon capture, and shift from fossil fuels to a mix of carbon-free energy resources

Front 14

Examples of carbon capture and storage

Back 14

Massive planting of trees, the use of biochar for fertilizer, growing more switchgrass, and pumping it deep underground

Front 15

Strategies to prevent climate change

Back 15

Reduce deforestation, slow population growth, improve energy efficiency, and shift from coal to natural gas

Front 16

The Kyoto Protocol

Back 16

The mission of the treaty was to slow global warming and climate disruption

Front 17

The country who's goal is to reduce carbon emissions to zero by 2030

Back 17

Costa Rica

Front 18

Efforts made to reduce CFC and HFC emissions

Back 18

Copenhagen Protocol, Montreal Protocol, US asked UN to enact mandatory reductions, and DuPont replaced CFC with higher priced alternatives

Front 19

Effects of ozone depletion on humans

Back 19

Suppression of immune system, more cataracts, worse sunburn, and more skin cancers

Front 20

Products containing CFCs

Back 20

Cleaners for electronic equipment, gases for insulation and packaging, propellants in aerosol spray cans, and coolants in air conditioners and refrigerators

Front 21

Chemicals capable of destroying ozone (other than CFCs)

Back 21

Halons in fire extinguishers and crop fumigants, carbon tetrachloride used as a solvent, and methyl bromide used as a fumigant

Front 22

Expected results of phasing out ozone depleting chemicals

Back 22

Improved health benefits, increase in phytoplankton productivity, and reduced risk from sunburn and UV exposure

Front 23

Location of the ozone hole

Back 23

Antarctica

Front 24

Where ozone depletion is occurring in the atmosphere

Back 24

Stratosphere

Front 25

Where global warming is occurring in the atmosphere

Back 25

Troposphere