Apes Chapter 14 Test Review

Front 1

Method of extracting gold from rock

Back 1

Cyanide heap leaching

Front 2

Makes up 71% of the earth's crust

Back 2

Oceanic crust

Front 3

Less dense, thicker, and younger crust

Back 3

Continental crust

Front 4

The zone of hot, partly melted rock that flows and can be deformed

Back 4

Asthenosphere

Front 5

The combination of crust and the outer part of the mantle

Back 5

Lithosphere

Front 6

The location on the earth's surface above where an earthquake begins

Back 6

Epicenter

Front 7

The location in the earth's crust where an earthquake begins

Back 7

Focus

Front 8

The overburden of soil and rock after the ore is removed is called

Back 8

Spoils

Front 9

Is cheaper and less hazardous type of mining, but leaves the land scarred and unsuitable for other uses

Back 9

Surface Mining

Front 10

Is a more dangerous and more expensive type of mining, but results in less environmental damage.

Back 10

Subsurface mining

Front 11

Describes the time it takes to use up approximately 80% of the mineral reserves

Back 11

Depletion time

Front 12

High costs, equitable division of profits between stakeholders, ownership of the sea floor, and safety of aquatic life

Back 12

Disadvantages of mining the ocean floor

Front 13

Recycling and reusing, raising prices, and banning subsidies

Back 13

Increases depletion time

Front 14

Increased consumption, lowering prices, and subsidies

Back 14

Decreasing depletion time

Front 15

Where an oceanic plate is pushed beneath a continental plate.

Back 15

Subduction Zone

Front 16

Where new crust is created

Back 16

Divergent boundary

Front 17

Oceanic plates diverge (move apart) and magna flows up through cracks creating a line of underwater mountains.

Back 17

Oceanic ridge

Front 18

Tectonic plates slide and grind past each other

Back 18

Transform fault

Front 19

Where old crust is created/destroyed

Back 19

Convergent boundary

Front 20

Machinery digs large hole to remove metals

Back 20

Open-pit mining

Front 21

Uses earthmover and power shovel on flat terrain

Back 21

Strip mining

Front 22

Magma that manages to reach the surface of the earth

Back 22

Lava

Front 23

Explosives remove mountain top to expose seams of ore

Back 23

Mountain-top removal

Front 24

An element or inorganic compound that occurs naturally in the earth's crust as a solid with a regular internal crystalline structure.

Back 24

Mineral

Front 25

Identified resources from which the mineral can be extracted profitably at current prices are called

Back 25

Reserves

Front 26

The environmental impact of mining depends on the percentage of metal content, or...

Back 26

Grade

Front 27

Piles of wastes removed from mining

Back 27

Tailings

Front 28

Using microorganisms that can breakdown rock material and extract minerals

Back 28

Biomining