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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell
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Basic unit or building block of all living things
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Tissue
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A group of cells that are similar in structure and function
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Organ
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A structure comprised of two or more tissue types that perform a specific function for the body.
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Organ system
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A group of organs that act together to perform a particular body function
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Major Integumentary Organ
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Epidermal and dermal regions; cutaneous sense organs and glands
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Major Integumentary Functions
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-Protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury and disiccation
-Excretes salts and urea -Aids in regulations of body temp -Produces vitamin D |
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Major Skeletal Organs
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Bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints
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Major Skeletal Functions
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-Body support and protection of internal organs
-Provides levers for muscular action -Cavities provide a site for blood cell formation |
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Major Muscular Organs
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Muscles attached to the skeleton
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Major Muscular Functions
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-Primary function is to contract; in doing so, skeletal muscles allow locomotion, grasping, and manipulation of the environment and facial expression
-Generates heat |
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Major Nervous System Organs
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Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
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Major Nervous System Functions
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-Allows body to detect changes in its internal and external environment and to respond to such info by activating appropriate muscles or glands
-Helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals |
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Major Endocrine Organs
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Pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas
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Major Endocrine Functions
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-Helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development; produces chemical "messengers" (hormones) that travel in the blood to exert their effect(s) on various "target organs" of the body
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Major Cardiovascular Organs
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Heart, blood vessels, and blood
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Major Cardiovascular Functions
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-Primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through the blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart
-Antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood act to protect the body |
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Major Lymphatic/ Immunity Organs
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Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, and scattered collections of lymphoid tissues
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Major Lymphatic/ Immunity Functions
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-Picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it it the blood
-Cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris -Houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances (antigens) |
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Major Respiratory Organs
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Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
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Major Respiratory Functions
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-Keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide
-Contribute to the acid-base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system |
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Major Digestive Organs
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Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, and accessory structures (teeth, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas)
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Major Digestive Functions
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-Breaks down ingested food to minute particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells
-Undigested residue removed from the body as feces |
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Major Urinary Organs
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Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
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Major Urinary Functions
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-Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes, which result from the breakdown of proteins acid and nucleic acids by body cells
-Maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of blood |
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Major Reproductive Organs
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Male: testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, and duct system, which carries sperm to the body exterior
Female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, and vagina |
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Major Reproductive Functions
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-Provides germ cells (eggs); the female uterus houses the developing fetus until birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant
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