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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Cartography?
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The science of map making
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What does the term "geography" literally mean?
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"earth- writing"
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What famous book did geographer George Perkins Marsh wirte, and when did he write it?
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"Man and Nature" in 1864
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What major problem has the Fertile Cresent experienced?
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desertification
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Who argued that cultural landscapes should be the focus of geographic inquiry?
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Carl Sauer
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What are cultural landscapes?
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products of complex interactions between humans and their environments
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What are natural landscapes?
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landscapes that are unaltered by human activities
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What are two terms that describe the formal study of human environment relations?
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Environmental Geography and Cultural Ecology
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What was the Quantitative Revolution?
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It stressed the use of empirical measurements, hypothesis testing, development of mathematic models, and the use of computer programs to explain geographic patterns
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What is Remote Sensing?
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the process of capturing images of the earths surface from airborne platforms
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What term refers to an integrated network of satellites that orbit the Earth, broadcasting location information to hand held receivers on the Earth’s surface?
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The Global Positioning System, or GPS
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What are Geographical Information Systems?
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a family of software programs that allow geographers to map, analyze, and model spatial data
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What are Thematic Layers?
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each layer consists of an individual map that contains specific features- many layers may be combined to create a map with many helpful features
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What is the study of human activities on the Earth’s surface?
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Human Geography
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What are the six sub-disciplines of Human Geography?
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population, cultural, economic, urban, agricultural, and political
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Physical Geography
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study of spatial characteristics of the Earth’s physical and biological systems
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Earth system Science
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a way to study the interactions between physical systems on a global scale
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Systematic Geography
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of the Earth’s integrated systems as a whole
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Environmental Geography
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where physical and human geography meet
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Anthropogenic
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human induced environmental change
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Sustainability
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implies an approach to the environment that emphasizes the restraint in the use of natural resources to ensure enough resources for future generations
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Who claimed that geography drew from four distinct traditions: earth-science, culture-environment, locational, and area-analysis?
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W.D. Pattison
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Thinking Geographically means....
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developing a spatial perspective, an appreciation of scale, and the ability to analyze and interpret varied forms of geographic data
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Spatial Perspective
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an intellectual framework that allows geographers to look at the earth in terms of the relationships between various places
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Geography is based on...
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the premise that all places are different, but many places share important similarities
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Map scale
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the ratio between distance on a map and actual distance on the earth’s surface
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Geographic scale
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a conceptual hierarchy if spaces, from small to large, that reflects actual levels of organization n the real world
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Region
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shared characteristics between places provide a means for geographers to group places together into a more manageable unit of study
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Regions are...
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larger that a single city, that contains unifying social or physical characteristics
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Regional Geography
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Pattison’s area analysis tradition is the study of regions
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Functional regions have...
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special identities because of the social and economic relationships that tie them together
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nodal regions
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Functional regions
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Formal regions have...
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characteristics that are relatively uniform from one place to another within a designated region
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Vernacular region (perceptual region) –
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exist in the minds of people i.e. “Deep South”
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Sense of place
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people’s attachment to a region they perceive as their home
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Qualitative data
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unique and descriptive of particular places or processes
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Quantitative Data
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mathematical numerical data
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Most physical geography is based on...
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quantitative data
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Idiographic
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facts or features unique to a particular place or region
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Nomothetic
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concepts that are universally applicable
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