Anthropology Exam 4

Front 1

Neanderthal sites in what is now Israel (e.g., Kebara and Amud) clearly predate sites in the same region containing modern-looking hominids (e.g., Skhul and Qafzeh).
T/F

Back 1

False

Front 2

Some Neanderthal skulls have cranial capacities that are larger than those of the average modern human.
T/F

Back 2

True

Front 3

Stress markers in the teeth that reflect growth disruption due to poor diets or to poor health are called dental hypoplasias.
T/F

Back 3

True

Front 4

Burial of the dead with grave goods is attributed to:
A) Homo neanderthalensis
B) Homo sapiens
C) Homo erectus
D) both A and B

Back 4

D. Both A and B

Front 5

Partial skulls of two adults and of one child, dating to around 160,000 yBP and exhibiting mostly modern human features, come from:
A) Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania
B) Herto, Ethiopia
C) Border Cave, South Africa
D) Skhul, Israel

Back 5

B. Herto, Ethiopia

Front 6

Damage to Neandertal skeletons often occurs in bones from the upper body, mimicking injuries often seen in modern day:
A) rodeo riders
B) construction workers
C) body builders
D) university professors

Back 6

A. rodeo riders

Front 7

Shovel-shaped incisors are one of the most distinctive features of people from:
A) East Asia and the Americas
B) South Africa
C) Australia
D) India

Back 7

A. East Asia and the Americas

Front 8

The Denisova fossils likely:
A) interbred with Homo erectus
B) share a common ancestor with Neandertals
C) were isolated to the point of extinction
D) looked very much like Neandertals

Back 8

B. Share a common ancestor with Neandertals

Front 9

A hominid fossil with a long, low skull, projecting face and occipital bone, and large nasal aperture is likely:
A) to be classified as having modern characteristics
B) to be classified as having vestigial characteristics
C) to be classified as having pre-modern characteristics
D) to be classified as having apelike characteristics

Back 9

C. to be classified as having pre-modern characteristics

Front 10

The stable forms of carbon used in isotopic analyses to reconstruct diet are 12C and 14C.
T/F

Back 10

False

Front 11

Over the last 10,000 years has Earth's popilation grown three orders of magnitude, from a few million people to over six billion today.
T/F

Back 11

True

Front 12

With modern Homo sapiens' appearance in the late Pleistocene, human biological evolution basically stopped.
T/F

Back 12

True

Front 13

In the late 1960s, Lee and DeVore argued that South African food-foraging people actually had more leisure time than early farmers.
T/F

Back 13

True

Front 14

The invasion of spongy bone into the eye sockets as a response to anemia is called:
A) Hyperosteitis
B) Trabeculitis
C) Orbital arthritis
D) Cribra orbitalia

Back 14

D. Cribra Orbitalia

Front 15

As discussed in lecture, the rapid chance(s) that has impacted the human species was/were:
A) Dietary
B) Biological adaptations
C) Health
D) All of the above

Back 15

D. All of the above

Front 16

The origin of maize is located in:
A) Southwest Asia
B) Southern Africa
C) Southern Mexico
D) India

Back 16

C. Southern Mexico

Front 17

Bones showing the impact of this group of diseases (including vernereal syphilis, endemic syphilis, and yaws) are found in Holocene populations in the American Midwest and Southeast.
A) Treponematoses
B) HIV
C) Swine Flu
D) All of the above

Back 17

A. Treponematoses

Front 18

What effect did the advent of agriculture have on the level of interpersonal violence seen in the archaeological record?
A) Violence increased
B) Violence decreased
C) Violence stayed about the same
D) It is difficult or even impossible to determine the level of violence from only the bones

Back 18

A. Violence Increased

Front 19

The cross section of a long bone reveals a bon that is perfectly round. This suggest that:
A) the bones will have greater strength through on of it's axes
B) the bone will have less strength through it's y-axis
C) The bone will have equal strength in all directions
D) The bone will break given a small amount of tension

Back 19

C. The bone will have equal strength in all directions

Front 20

the color of our skin is likely still an area in which we are undergoing biological evolution.
T/F

Back 20

True

Front 21

The United States will be relatively unaffected by the impacts of global warming.
T/F

Back 21

False

Front 22

Allergic reactions to food are a signal that the body is responding to something perceived as a foreign antigen.
T/F

Back 22

True

Front 23

Parents with asthma are more likely to have children with allergies.
T/F

Back 23

True

Front 24

Endotoxins appear important in the development of a health immune system.
T/F

Back 24

True

Front 25

There is no evidence that natural selection continues to play a role in our biology.
T/F

Back 25

False

Front 26

Reduction of biodiversity:
A) has few negative impacts for humans
B) reduces our ability to produce food
C) cannot be slowed
D) all of the above

Back 26

B. reduces our ability to produce food

Front 27

Climate scientists predict a shifting pattern of precipitation with:
A) Increasing dryness in the American Southwest and Midwest
B) Increasing wetness in the American Southwest and Midwest.
C) Overall increased food supply.
D) Reduced precipitation in the northern United States and in Europe

Back 27

A. Increasing dryness in the American Southwest and Midwest.

Front 28

Evidence for continues biological evolution in humans and in other organisms includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A) increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant strains of tuberculosis
B) high frequencies of the sickle-cell trait in malaria-endemic areas
C) technological solutions for coping with climate change
D) Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in hospitals

Back 28

C. technological solutions for coping with climate change

Front 29

Climate changes bring about illness and death because of:
A) hot and cold temperature extremes
B) declines in air quality and water quality
C) Evolution of disease-causing microorganisms
D) all of the above

Back 29

D. All of the above