Anatomy Chapter 5

Front 1

What is Histology?

Back 1

The study of Biology or tissues

Front 2

What is tissue?

Back 2

A group of similar cells that perform a common function.

Front 3

What supports the body and its parts, to connect and hold them together, to transport substances through the body, and to protect it from foreign invaders?

Back 3

Connective Tissue

Front 4

What is an example of Connective Tissue would be what?

Back 4

Blood

Front 5

What produces movement, moves the body and it's parts, Muscle cells are specialized for contractility and produce movement by the shortening of contractile units found in the cytoplasm?

Back 5

Muscle Tissue

Front 6

What covers and protects the body surface, lines the body cavities, specializes in moving substances into and out of the blood, and forms many glands?

Back 6

Epithelial Tissue

Front 7

What is the most complex tissue in the body, that specializes in communication between the various parts of the body and in integration of their activities. The major function is the generation of complex messages for the coordination of body functions?

Back 7

Nervous Tissue

Front 8

What are the 6 functions of Epithelial Tissue?

Back 8

Protection

Sensory

Secretion

Absorption

Excretion
"removal of waste products"

Filtration
"lining of lungs"

Front 9

What must be present for regeneration of Epithelial Tissue?

Back 9

The Basement Membrane must be present.

Front 10

What contains no blood vessels; hence oxygen and nutrients must diffuse from capillaries in the underlying connective tissue through the permeable basement membrane to reach living epithelial cells?

Back 10

Avascular

Front 11

What is Flat and Plate like?

Back 11

Squamous Tissue

Front 12

What is cube shaped and has more cytoplasm than the scale like squamous cells?

Back 12

Cuboidal Tissue

Front 13

what is higher then they are wide and appear narrow and cylindrical?

Back 13

Columnar Tissue

Front 14

what is one layer of oddly shaped columnar cells? Not all layers touch the top. Also has cilia present.

Back 14

Pseudo-stratified Columnar

Front 15

What is a single layer of cells called?

Back 15

A Simple Layer

Front 16

What is layers on top of one another?

Back 16

Stratified Layer

Front 17

What is arrangement of differing cell shape in a stratified or layered epithelial sheet? In a relaxed state they are layered but can look a single layer when stretched?

Back 17

Transitional Layer

Front 18

When is classification complete?

Back 18

It is complete when based on cell shape and layers.

Front 19

Is an arrangement of epithelial cells in a single layer. Substances can readily *diffuse, or *filtration through this type of tissue, *lungs, *lining of blood and *lymphatic vessels.

Back 19

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Front 20

1 Layer of cuboidal found in glands and their ducts. Function: secretion and absorption.

Back 20

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Front 21

1 Layer of columnar, on the surface of the mucous membrane that lines the *stomach, *Intestine, & *respiratory track. Many have goblet cells, cilia, and microvilli. Note the goblet, or mucous producing cell is present.

Back 21

Simple Columnar Epithelium

Front 22

What are multiple layers of cells with typical squamous cells that have keratin to protect the skin. This is skin, note that outer surface of epithelial contains many flattened cells, which have lost their nuclei.

Back 22

Stratified Squamous Epithelium (keratinized)

Front 23

What is specialized for secretory activity? Also, they can function singularly or as a group cluster.

Back 23

Glandular Epithelium

Front 24

What is a Unicellular Glands?

Back 24

Single Layer. Example: Goblet Cell

Front 25

What is Multi-Cellular Glands?

Back 25

Clusters or Multi Layer

Front 26

What do the Endocrine Glands do?

Back 26

Discharge their secretion produce hormones *directly into the blood. (Ductless) Pituitary, thyroid, lymph nodes, and adrenal glands are endocrine.

Front 27

What are the functions of connective tissues?

Back 27

Binds Tissue Together

Supports

Physical Protection

Immune Protection

Fluid Movement

Fill Spaces and Repair

Front 28

What is the most widespread tissues that are found in or around every organ of the body?

Back 28

Connective Tissue

Front 29

Connective tissue that is loose, adipose, reticular, and dense.

Back 29

Fibrous

Front 30

Under skin, large storage spaces for fat inside the adipose tissue cells.

Back 30

Adipose (fat)

Front 31

Bone marrow filtration, spleen, lymph nodes. Note the black stained spleen tissue.

Back 31

Reticular

Front 32

Connects muscle to bone.

Back 32

Dense Tendons

Front 33

Connects bone to bone. Bundles of collagenous fibers arranged in parallel rows.

Back 33

Ligaments

Front 34

Osseous tissue is also called what?

Back 34

Bone or Skeleton

Front 35

One cell type (chondrocyte) avascular lacking red blood vessels.

Back 35

Cartilage

Front 36

What is part of nasal septum and covering the articular surfaces of bones that articulate at joints also called articular cartilage or larnyx?

Back 36

Hyaline

Front 37

What are disks between vertebra, and knee joint?

Back 37

Fibrocartilage

Front 38

External ear and Eustachian tube

Back 38

Elastic

Front 39

Where is blood?

Back 39

Blood is in the blood vessels.

Front 40

What is the process of blood formation in red bone marrow or bones and other tissue?

Back 40

Hematopoiesis

Front 41

Whole blood is divided into what?

Back 41

Plasma, Erythrocytes, Leukocytes, and Thrombocytes (plasma T.E.L.

Front 42

Red blood cells which have no nuclei, transport oxygen to all the tissues in the body. (Respiratory Gases)

Back 42

Erythrocytes

Front 43

White blood cells, are phagocytic to particular substances at sites of infection or injury. (Neutrophil and Eosinophil)

Back 43

Leukocytes

Front 44

A water substance that transports nutrients and waste products, regulates the PH of body fluids, and helps maintain body temperature.

Back 44

Plasma

Front 45

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

Back 45

Smooth

Skeletal

Cardiac

Front 46

Striated voluntary muscle. Muscle contraction to move a bone. The tissue attaches to tendons which are attached to bones. **NOTE The Striations of the muscle cell fibers in longitudinal section.

Back 46

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Front 47

Involuntary contraction, found in the digestive system and blood vessels. One nucleus per cell makes up walls of visera.

Back 47

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Front 48

Heart muscle, cross striation, with a intercalated disk in between each cell. Does not attach to bone, function involuntary. Involuntary smooth muscle.

Back 48

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Front 49

What is a Neuron?

Back 49

A nerve cell that conducts units.

Front 50

What are the names of 2 neurons?

Back 50

Axon
Dendrites

Front 51

Transmits nerve impulses away from the cell.

Back 51

Axon

Front 52

Carries nerve signals toward the Axon

Back 52

Dendrites

Front 53

Covers the body surfaces that is exposed to the external environment the skin.

Back 53

Cutaneous Membranes

Front 54

Lines cavities that are not open to the external environment and covers many of the organs inside these cavities, composed of two layers.

Back 54

Serous Membrane

Front 55

Lines the wall of cavity, like a wallpaper on the abdomen.

Back 55

Parietal Membrane

Front 56

Covers the surface of organ within the cavity

Back 56

Visceral Membrane

Front 57

Has no Epithelial cells present

Back 57

Connective Tissue Membranes