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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1.1 Distinguish between the Abiotic and biotic factors in an environment: -Biotic Factor -Abiotic Factor -Environment -Habitat -Community -Ecology |
-Biotic Factor: The living factors, e.g. trees, birds, predators, etc. -Abiotic Factors: The non-living factors, e.g., temperature, oxygen levels, etc. -Environment: The surroundings of an organism including abiotic and biotic factors. -Habitat: The place where an organism lives. -Community: The organisms found living together in an area. -Ecology: The study of the relationship between organisms and their environments. |
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1.2 Compare the abiotic characteristics of aquatic and terrestrial environments (definitions): -Viscosity -Buoyancy -Temperature -Availability of: a) Gases b) Water c) Ions |
-Viscosity: A measure of a medium's resistance to an object moving through it. -Buoyancy: The amount of support experienced by an object. -Temperature: Depends on intensity of sun's radiation, which depends on latitude and longitude. |
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1.2 (definitions) -Light penetration -Pressure variation -Availability and type of substrates -Strength of natural forces -Availability of shelter and space |
Availability and type of substrates: Different types of rocks, soils and sands and other materials from rocks. Vary in their mineral and nutrient levels.
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1.2 Aquatic -Viscosity -Buoyancy -Temperature -Availability of: a) Gases b) Water c) Ions |
-Viscosity: High viscosity- Difficult fororganisms to move through. -Buoyancy: High- Gives support to plantsand animals. May help maintain shape. -Temperature: Heats up and cools down moreslowly than air. Heat loss and gain is not usually a problem. -Availability of: a) Gases: Depends on the temperature,diffusion is slower. More gases are available at lower temperatures. Oxygen concentration decreases with depth. b) Not a problem. Osmotic differences of fresh and salt water are important. c)Saltwater- 35% of it is dissolved ions (salts). Freshwater- low in ions Organisms must cope with osmotic differences. |
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1.2 Aquatic -Light penetration -Pressure variation -Availability and type of substrates -Strength of natural forces -Availability of shelter and space |
Light penetration: Decreases with depth. Affects availability of plants in water. Pressure variation: Pressure varies with depth. increased depth has increased pressure, few organisms live at great depths. Substrates: Bottom dwellers are affected. Free swimming and surface level organisms are less affected. Turbidity or water affects abundance. Forces: Tide, current, waves may vary. Shelter and space: Not required for all organisms. Substrate, rocks, vegetation and coral reefs provide shelter. Space is important for animal requiring territory. |
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1.2 Terrestrial -Viscosity -Buoyancy -Temperature -Availability of: a) Gases b) Water c) Ions |
-Viscosity: Low viscosity- easy for organisms to move through. -Buoyancy: Low- plants and animals need to be able to support themselves. -Temperature: vary more than in water. Daily and seasonal variations may be great. -Availability of: a) Gases: freely available; diffusion is rapid. b) Water: Varies, can be a problem for land organisms. Preventing dehydration can be a major problem. c) Ions: In soil are vital in plant growth. |
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1.2 Terrestrial -Light penetration -Pressure variation -Availability and type of substrates -Strength of natural forces -Availability of shelter and space |
-Light penetration: Plenty of light available. Dense plant growth can affect light. Very important for plant growth. -Pressure variation: Decreases with height above sea level. Little effect on most organisms. -Substrates: Amount and type of soil is important for the plants. Soil is also important in providing habitats for ground dwellers and animals that live underground. The slope and rockiness of the land is important. -Forces: Winds and rain vary in depth. -Shelter and space: Most animals require shelter. Some plants require shelter. Space is important for organisms requiring territory, shelter or nesting sites. |
