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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Age |
- deterioration of the artery walls > atherosclerosis more likely > CVD - build up of fat in arteries > larger fatty deposits > more risk of CVD |
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Gender |
- oestrogen = increases amount of HDL’s in the blood - after menopause risk is the same for men & women |
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Genetics |
1) gene = more LDL/less HDLs > more cholesterol in blood > fatty deposit more likely to form > CVD 2) gene = high BP > risk of CVD |
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Smoking |
1) decreases amount of antioxidants in the blood > antioxidants protect cells from damage due to free radicals > arteries more likely damaged > atherosclerosis > CVD 2) carbon monoxide > attaches to haemoglobin > reduces the amount of oxygen red blood cells can carry > cardiac cells starved of oxygen = death > CVD 3) nicotine increases the stickiness of platlets > blood clots are more likely to form > CVD |
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High salt |
- osmosis means salt is followed by water > larger blood volume > increased BP > atherosclerosis - increases risk of CVD |
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High cholesterol |
- fatty deposits forming > restricts blood flow to the heart > CVD |
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Inactivity |
high BP > risk of CVD |
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Saturated fats |
increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood > atheroma forms > risk of CVD - associates with LDLs |
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Why are free radicals harmful? |
Cause damage to cells proteins and DNA (by oxidation) |
