1.2.2. The Santri Variant
The term of “santri” has a broad and narrow meaning. In the narrow sense, it demonstrates “a student in a religious school which so-called as pondok or pesantren”, the latter name constructed as a root and place for santris. In the broad and more common sense, it denotes to a devout Muslim group of the Indonesia population who take their Islam seriously, praying, going to mosque on Friday, fasting in the Ramadhan month and so on (Geertz, 1960: 178). As the basic ritual of Islam, santri has fundamental religious traditions for a regular execution: prayers and fasting. The santri ritual life is modulated in time by the five fixed prayers: dawn (the early morning), noon, afternoon, sunset and evening. It is compulsory …show more content…
First is that the conservative group stresses a relationship to God in which the reception of blessings as acts of His Grace and every human made is fated by God Will. Meanwhile, the modernist group emphasises a relationship to God in which hard work and self-determination are really important. Second is that the conservative believes that religion has a total and significant role in deciding all human endeavors while the modernist believes that religion only has a particular role in guiding human life. Third is that the conservative allows non Islamic rites within the religious sphere and has no concern with the purity of their Islam while the modernist tends to insist all sorts of ritual outside Islam. Fourth is that the former underlines the customary aspects of religion or religious experiences while the latter points out the instrumental aspects of religion or religious behavior. Fifth is that the former tends to justify practice by custom and by detailed scholastic learning in traditional religious accounts while the latter tends to justify it upon the basis of its pragmatic value in contemporary life and by general reference to Al-Qur’an and …show more content…
The two first groups referred to earlier explanation while the two latter are the new type of santri. The neo-modernist denies the formal interpretation of Islam, but it stresses ethical and pious behavior. It also clearly encourages a pluralistic perspective with attention to human rights encompassing woman rights and democracy. Meanwhile, the Islamist tends to impose the Islamic sharia and the establishment of an Islamic state and expounds anti-Christian and anti-secular groups. Moreover, Samson (1978: 199-200) proposes three other kinds of santri. First is the fundamentalist. It strongly affirms the pure interpretation of Islam, rejects Western influences and Javanese syncretism beliefs and insists on the primacy of religion over politics. Second is the reformist. Despite still emphasising the primacy of religion over politics, this group can cooperate with secular elements and also has concern with making the faith compatible with the modern life. Third is the accomodationist. It remains to appreciate the importance of the framework of unity between Islam and secular groups on social and political interests even cooperation both of
The term of “santri” has a broad and narrow meaning. In the narrow sense, it demonstrates “a student in a religious school which so-called as pondok or pesantren”, the latter name constructed as a root and place for santris. In the broad and more common sense, it denotes to a devout Muslim group of the Indonesia population who take their Islam seriously, praying, going to mosque on Friday, fasting in the Ramadhan month and so on (Geertz, 1960: 178). As the basic ritual of Islam, santri has fundamental religious traditions for a regular execution: prayers and fasting. The santri ritual life is modulated in time by the five fixed prayers: dawn (the early morning), noon, afternoon, sunset and evening. It is compulsory …show more content…
First is that the conservative group stresses a relationship to God in which the reception of blessings as acts of His Grace and every human made is fated by God Will. Meanwhile, the modernist group emphasises a relationship to God in which hard work and self-determination are really important. Second is that the conservative believes that religion has a total and significant role in deciding all human endeavors while the modernist believes that religion only has a particular role in guiding human life. Third is that the conservative allows non Islamic rites within the religious sphere and has no concern with the purity of their Islam while the modernist tends to insist all sorts of ritual outside Islam. Fourth is that the former underlines the customary aspects of religion or religious experiences while the latter points out the instrumental aspects of religion or religious behavior. Fifth is that the former tends to justify practice by custom and by detailed scholastic learning in traditional religious accounts while the latter tends to justify it upon the basis of its pragmatic value in contemporary life and by general reference to Al-Qur’an and …show more content…
The two first groups referred to earlier explanation while the two latter are the new type of santri. The neo-modernist denies the formal interpretation of Islam, but it stresses ethical and pious behavior. It also clearly encourages a pluralistic perspective with attention to human rights encompassing woman rights and democracy. Meanwhile, the Islamist tends to impose the Islamic sharia and the establishment of an Islamic state and expounds anti-Christian and anti-secular groups. Moreover, Samson (1978: 199-200) proposes three other kinds of santri. First is the fundamentalist. It strongly affirms the pure interpretation of Islam, rejects Western influences and Javanese syncretism beliefs and insists on the primacy of religion over politics. Second is the reformist. Despite still emphasising the primacy of religion over politics, this group can cooperate with secular elements and also has concern with making the faith compatible with the modern life. Third is the accomodationist. It remains to appreciate the importance of the framework of unity between Islam and secular groups on social and political interests even cooperation both of