Over the past three decades, there has been an astonishing development in the handling and treatment of injuries. The mechanism and factors that can avoid injury incidence and encourage a great recovery from injury has increased concern in research (Burt & Overpeck, 2001; Wadey & Evans, 2011). Injury if not completely avoidable could be at least minimized when participating in sport. Sports injuries may be expressed as any medical circumstances that impede an athlete from participating in exercise or sport (Orchard & Seward, 2002). In general, most injured athletes have the ability for full recovery to their pre-injury level of performance and fitness. However, various athletes fail this process, and sometimes this failure is associated with
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(1998) reviewed are cognitive appraisal and emotional response. Cognitive appraisals are personal factors about the cause of injury, and appraisals change the way in which an athlete copes with a sport injury experience. Lazarus (1991) determined two forms, the primary and secondary appraisal. However, Wiese-Bjornstal et al. (1998) proposed that the injury process leads to an emotional response such as depression or anger; also, characteristics of the injury affect behavioural responses such as adherence to rehabilitation. Other primary emotional responses are frustration and boredom (Pearson & Jones, 1992). Wiese-Bjornstal et al. (1998) found a large number of reports of extreme emotional response. These reports have shown that at least 10% of injured athletes experience depression (Brewer, Linder, & Phelps, 1995; Leddy, Lambert, & Ogles, 1994; Duda, Smart, & Tappe, 1989). For Wilkinson, he may have responded with an identity crisis and a lack of coping resources, which is a consequence of a sense of isolation while dealing with problems, and he said “I feel like I am falling …show more content…
The integrated model (Wiese-Bjornstal et al., 1998) is one of the most comprehensive models and the most recent. Following a negative event, there are undesirable consequences but these consequences can have positive outcomes. Therefore, more research is required to investigate the positive outcomes to show a balance as a whole. For Wilkinson, his positive outcome accounted for his psychological responses. Wilkinson commented, “The best thing about my career in terms of me as a person was being injured for four years”, and “I still had this opportunity to play rugby again.” Psychological factors influence injury onset (Heaney, 2006) and the extension to which an athlete copes successfully with injury and its successive rehabilitation (Clement, Granquist & Arvinen-Barrow, 2013). Furthermore, research found relationships between sport injuries and anxiety, reduced levels of self-esteem, loss of personal identity (Walker, 2006), depression and feelings of isolation (Petitpas & Danish, 1995). There is limited research investigating how the direct relationship between personal and situational factors helps diminish responses to athletic injury; however it has been suggested by Anderson and colleagues (2004) that future studies should
(1998) reviewed are cognitive appraisal and emotional response. Cognitive appraisals are personal factors about the cause of injury, and appraisals change the way in which an athlete copes with a sport injury experience. Lazarus (1991) determined two forms, the primary and secondary appraisal. However, Wiese-Bjornstal et al. (1998) proposed that the injury process leads to an emotional response such as depression or anger; also, characteristics of the injury affect behavioural responses such as adherence to rehabilitation. Other primary emotional responses are frustration and boredom (Pearson & Jones, 1992). Wiese-Bjornstal et al. (1998) found a large number of reports of extreme emotional response. These reports have shown that at least 10% of injured athletes experience depression (Brewer, Linder, & Phelps, 1995; Leddy, Lambert, & Ogles, 1994; Duda, Smart, & Tappe, 1989). For Wilkinson, he may have responded with an identity crisis and a lack of coping resources, which is a consequence of a sense of isolation while dealing with problems, and he said “I feel like I am falling …show more content…
The integrated model (Wiese-Bjornstal et al., 1998) is one of the most comprehensive models and the most recent. Following a negative event, there are undesirable consequences but these consequences can have positive outcomes. Therefore, more research is required to investigate the positive outcomes to show a balance as a whole. For Wilkinson, his positive outcome accounted for his psychological responses. Wilkinson commented, “The best thing about my career in terms of me as a person was being injured for four years”, and “I still had this opportunity to play rugby again.” Psychological factors influence injury onset (Heaney, 2006) and the extension to which an athlete copes successfully with injury and its successive rehabilitation (Clement, Granquist & Arvinen-Barrow, 2013). Furthermore, research found relationships between sport injuries and anxiety, reduced levels of self-esteem, loss of personal identity (Walker, 2006), depression and feelings of isolation (Petitpas & Danish, 1995). There is limited research investigating how the direct relationship between personal and situational factors helps diminish responses to athletic injury; however it has been suggested by Anderson and colleagues (2004) that future studies should