Preworkout Supplements

Superior Essays
The first opposing article does not provide significant evidence that preworkout supplementation is safe, and can therefore be interpreted as inconclusive. The authors did not provide a specific hypothesis. In this study, researchers conducted two separate trials to determine the safety and effectiveness of a PWS on healthy men and women. The first part of the trial was meant to specifically research the safety of using PWS. The second trial took a closer look at the actual impact preworkout supplements have on performance and mass. All trials were randomized, ran a total of six weeks, and all participants were tested before and after supplementation by a health care professional (Kedia, Hofheins, Habowski, Ferrando, Gothard, & Lopez, 2014). …show more content…
Without 24/7 monitoring, subjects could skip a workout, neglect their meal plan, or even forget to take the preworkout supplement thirty minutes prior to working out. In an attempt to monitor the participants, reminders were sent out with all of the guidelines. A longer, larger study might also help provide better results. Six weeks and an average of about forty people per trial can only tell the researchers so much. The study would benefit from a larger sample size and a longer trial period to make the results more generalizable to a larger …show more content…
This means that a method was used to ensure that the participants were randomly selected to be in a group while the researchers were also unaware of who was being placed in each group. These two characteristics provide more reliable and less biased data. These two methods are used frequently in studies of this nature. On top of these two strengths, the compliance of this study was also one hundred percent. Participant’s compliance during the study provides the most precise data possible.
Like most of the experiments used, the sample size could be larger. A larger sample size that also includes women would make the study more generalizable to the public. Having such a small sample size and a short trial period prevents the researchers from finding further and different conclusions. The study would benefit from a larger sample size that includes women and runs longer than a six-week period. Previously “resistance-trained men” provide different data than women or other individuals not previously

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The futuristic, seemingly inconceivable concept of a medication that could replicate exercise is examined by Nicola Twilley in “A Pill To Make Exercise Obsolete”, published in The New Yorker. Investigating several such exercise-supplements that exist today, Twilley explores the idea of exercise and its health implications on a broad scale; Assessing how exercise was viewed throughout human history, how it exists in the natural world, and how it seemingly benefits innumerable systems in the human body (as demonstrated by modern medical research). Throughout the informative article, Twilley introduces different perspectives and scientific research to compel The New Yorkers demographic (especially athletes or those affected by the medical conditions…

    • 1121 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    1. “When investigating a large population, it is often impractical and usually unnecessary to measure all the elements in the population of interest. Typically, a relatively small number of subject or cases is selected from the larger population.” (McMillian, 2012, p.96) According to McMillian (2012), population is a target you want to study to develop knowledge and to create action plans to assist those individuals.…

    • 1055 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Threat Patterns

    • 831 Words
    • 4 Pages

    This allows one to discover if the results are only valid in the particular region the study took place in, or if the results can be replicated in various parts of the world. The method of collecting the samples in the experiment was appropriate, however it could be improved for future studies in order to reduce bias. For instance, after collecting the samples, randomization should be applied when extracting the raw data from each sample. The researchers shouldn’t know whether or not each sample belongs to the control group or the group of violent offenders. Sometimes data can be unintentionally manipulated to match what is expected from the results.…

    • 831 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    I plan to eat smaller portions and increase my current physical activity which will go hand in hand with helping me lose some excessive body weight gradually. I now eat a larger variety of foods that I choose from the healthful foods section which provides me with a better nutrition and keeps me away from temptations. My regular diet includes nuts, whole grains, fish, organic fruit, vegetables, tea without sugar, and drinking water thought out the day. Now that I am seeking to focus on the steps that will help keep my body healthy, I am implementing weight training to my regimen, which includes walking up an incline in my neighborhood and focusing on problem…

    • 647 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The multi-billion dollar industry of nutritional supplements is like a wagon that is continually fueled by apocryphal advertising, fallacious claims by its manufacturers and distributors, along with a little dose of pseudoscience passed around in the gymnasiums without much foothold on factual scientific evidence. This has given rise to a lot of misinformation surrounding several nutritional supplements chiefly associated with weight loss, weight gain, athletic performance, sexual performance, hair loss etc. In the case of creatine, it has been well established that increasing creatine availability in the diet increases the total creatine and phosphocreatine concentrations in the muscle (Greenhaff, Bodin, Soderlund & Hultman, 1993). Moreover,…

    • 865 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Integrative Study

    • 985 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The rationales for excluding participants from the study was adequately described. The variables were clearly defined and rationales for the categorizations were clearly described. There was an in-depth description of the analysis process. However, the validity and reliability for the quality of the data sources were not described. The statistics presented in table 1 were confusing.…

    • 985 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Effect of Race on Perceptions of Fat Talk among College Women The term eating disorder (ED) refers to clinically significant disturbances in eating, body image, and body satisfaction (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013; National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2007). The three major types of EDs are Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge-eating disorder. Anorexia is characterized by severely restricted eating and an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat despite being underweight. Bulimia involves regular consumption of an abnormally large amount of food, characterized by a lack of control over eating during binge episodes and compensatory behavior, usually self-induced vomiting or use of laxatives.…

    • 1658 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Measuring Racial Identity

    • 356 Words
    • 2 Pages

    I found the idea of measuring racial identity interesting. The article states how racial identity in African Americans is a multifaceted phenomenon. I think the article does a good job at capturing the complexity of racial identity. I found it intriguing that individual scales were related to race-relevant activities. I thought this was intriguing because I agree with the findings.…

    • 356 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Patient Engagement Paper

    • 853 Words
    • 4 Pages

    It is an approach that ensures that the sample that has been collected serves as a representative of the whole population (McLeod, 2014). The ease of using this approach also makes the writer prefer the approach. It is easy to apply this approach when compared to other approaches such as stratified sampling approaches. However, some of the key disadvantages are that it may be hard to achieve since it requires a large sample and it may be…

    • 853 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The general topic of this paper is to address hindsight bias and putting it to the test which will be demonstrating the prediction of a sporting event using hindsight bias. Research has been done for hindsight bias and it has been shown that “Hindsight bias has explained as people’s incorporation of the outcome of an event into their memory of the event – the reconstructionist view.” (Raacke, Fryer, Nicks, & Durr, 2001, p. 350) The purpose of this research is to mainly examine hindsight bias in the context of a sporting event with people who have previously studied and have knowledge of hindsight knowledge; it is to see if hindsight bias will exist in the predictions of the participants.…

    • 980 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The theory of deindividuation is complicated, and different researchers in the field have very diverse definitions of deindividuation. A few believed the deindividuated state is achieved when a person becomes anonymous and realises that he or she will not suffer the consequences of his or her anti-social behaviour. However, Diener and others believed that deindividuation is caused by the loss of self-awareness and self-regulation in a person. Gustave Le Bon (1960) created the theory of how a collective mind can take possession of the person. He observed how a person in a crowd could lose self-control and become a mindless puppet.…

    • 912 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In Scenario C, several facts and definitions are inconsistent with the true facts of the terms used in this research. Specifically, the definition of classical conditioning is explained falsely within the scenario, as well as facts about the term conditioning and primary reinforcers. When defining the term classical conditioning, Dr. Breal describes it as a process of learning for an individual with the help of rewards. However, instead of defining classical conditioning, the psychologist defines the term operant conditioning. In Lilienfeld’s (2014) terms, operant conditioning is “learning controlled by the consequences of the organism’s behaviour,” just as Dr. Breal describes in Scenario C (pg. 220).…

    • 827 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In “Distortions of mind perception in psychopathology,” Gray, Jenkins, Heberlein and Wegner investigated the effects of psychopathology on social perception. Rather than compartmentalizing different disorders, as is often done when studying psychopathological conditions, this study wanted to consider these disorders differently, but not independently. Therefore, the researchers decided that a 2-dimensional model of mind perception was an effective way to compare and contrast the effect of these disorders on the perception of others. This 2-D model measured perception on two different dimensions: experience (the capability of experiencing fear, hunger, etc.) and agency (the ability for self-control, planning, memory). Using this model, subjects…

    • 907 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    It was based on a study in 2014. This article mentions resistance training, recovering from deployment and field training, improvement of carrying heavy loads, and providing coaches or assistants to help achieve an overall goal. This article addresses multiple topic questions and proposes answers to each one. I plan to use this article in body paragraph one to outline the physical and mental capabilities and difference between men and women. This source is highly credible because it gives in depth research, as well as charts and statistics.…

    • 1069 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Perhaps men are the better athletes. Perhaps men cannot be compared to women when it comes to athletics. Perhaps men will always be the dominant sex symbolized of power and strength. But no. Why are women always characterized as the weaker gender?…

    • 803 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays