Chronic sleep deficiency has been found to be instrumental in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Sleep deprivation is linked with increased obesity and with reduced levels of leptin and increased levels of ghrelin which increases appetite. Sleep loss is also associated with diabetes and diminished glucose tolerance. Cardiovascular disease and hypertension are also associated with sleep loss. The Arch Intern Medicine 2003 article titled, “A Prospective Study of Sleep Duration and Coronary Heart Disease in Women,” found the risk of a fatal heart attack increases by forty five percent in individuals who chronically sleep five hours per night or less. Ongoing sleep deficiency is linked to an increased risk of heart disease, kidney disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, and …show more content…
Cardiovascular disease’s main cause is atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup. Obesity is also a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is defined as a decreased response of peripheral tissues to insulin which influences individuals to develop type two diabetes. Insulin allows the initiation and spread of vascular inflammation throughout the body. Increase in insulin production and plasma concentration that accompanies insulin resistance appears to increase plaque hardening and risk of atherosclerosis directly. A healthy lifestyle and dietary plan can lower risk for heart disease and may prevent current heart disease from