Frozen Shoulder Injury Research Paper

Symptoms of a frozen shoulder include pain and persistent stiffness in the shoulder, restriction of the arm when lifting sideways. In younger athletes there may be pain in the arc.
Causes include wrenched shoulder which causes tightening of the joint capsules. Overuse injuries in older athletes can often be linked with occupations that have constant overhead movements.
Treatments include, RICE, ultra sound and friction massage. Mobilising manipulations are a great benefit in restricted joints. Frozen shoulder responds well to exercise but older athletes may require cortisone or surgery if it does not respond to treatment.