Fab Four Summary

(Dole et al., 1996) collaborates the importance of declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge. They found procedural and conditional knowledge were important in the reading process, especially for at-risk readers with limited declarative knowledge (p. 74).
Reciprocal Teaching Reciprocal Teaching refers to the cycling of information from the teacher to the students. The Reciprocal Teaching technique, also known as the “Fab Four,” consisting of four strategies. The strategies include clarifying, predicting, summarizing, and questioning (Caldwell & Leslie, 2013). (Stricklin, 2011) explains the process of applying this technique. When implementing the “Fab Four” technique the teacher has three main responsibilities occurring before, …show more content…
Strategy instruction occurred 25% of the instructional time, in the 3,000 minutes observed during direct instruction. The observations focused on teachers’ instructional choices and how often explicit reading comprehension instruction occurred in the classrooms. Since Durkin’s (1978-1979) findings, reading comprehension instruction has increased. According to Durkin, 1% of instructional time occurred during reading instruction, whereas, Ness (2011) found 25% of the time was dedicated to comprehension instruction. The teachers observed applied a variety of single strategies. However, there was no evidence in the use of multiple strategies. The teachers observed used a variety of single strategies. Evidence supports the practice of implementing multiple strategies to improve reading comprehension. One instruction technique supported by research base evidence, the Transactional Strategy Instruction (TSI) technique prepares readers to become active readers, who independently use multiple strategies (Ness, 2011). Transactional Strategy Instruction (TSI) improves reading comprehension and develops self-efficacy in choosing strategies and applying multiple strategies. (Brown, Pressley, Van Meter,