Antilepti Rimary Analysis Essay

Improved Essays
Women with epilepsy are at an increased risk for poor pregnancy outcomes and must continue taking medication throughout their pregnancies in order to address epileptic seizures. In animals, fetal exposure to antiepileptic drugs can produce behavioral deficits and cognitive deficits, alter neurochemistry, and reduce brain weight. Risks of medication exposure to the fetus must be balanced against potential risks to the mother and the fetus posed by epileptic seizures. Regardless, medication and seizures can both lead to stress and trauma on the mother/fetus. The researchers of this study aimed to help guide the choice of antiepileptic drugs in pregnant women to assess differential risks in pregnancy. A secondary purpose of this study was to address if …show more content…
As with any study, there were exclusionary criteria, including the following: positive tests for syphilis or HIV, progressive cerebral disease, other major diseases (e.g., diabetes), exposure to teratogenic agents other than antiepileptic drugs, poor adherence to antiepileptic drug use, and drug abuse. Researchers identified potential confounding variables such as maternal IQ, type of epilepsy, type/frequency of seizures, antiepileptic drug dose, compliance to protocol, alcohol/drug abuse during pregnancy, site location, infant birth weight, and child’s history of disease. The research assessors, who were completely blind to the drug exposure of the children, evaluated cognitive outcomes through the use of Mental Developmental Index of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (for children between 21 and 34 months of age) and the Differential Ability Scales (for children between 33-45 months of age). After, standardized scores were calculated. The research assessors used the

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Once a patient receives a complete diagnosis of epilepsy, it is time to start considering treatment options. Individuals with epilepsy, adherence to medication is crucial in preventing or minimizing seizures and their increasing impact on everyday life. Some patients with epilepsy have special medications to cope with their seizures, some have to go under surgery and others do not know where to begin. The Medical Model assumes that once the medication plan is recommend by the doctor it is then the responsibility of the patient with epilepsy to follow it. The appropriate choice of medication varies depending on seizure type.…

    • 613 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Policies within an organization guide best practice for individual roles and responsibilities in addition to patient rules and responsibilities. State and Federal policies influence organizational policies. ABC Medical Center has an influence on patients on a micro level with policies they have in place. ABC Medical Centers Human Resources link available to employees allows for access to organizational policies.…

    • 899 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    The intent of the study was the evaluation of the impact of increased…

    • 462 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Teen girls, whose bodies are not yet ready for childbirth, are five times more likely to die. Not only do 70,000 girls ages 15-19 die each year from pregnancy and childbirth, but the babies that do survive have a 60% higher chance of dying as well”( Paula Glennon). There are many conditions that can happen to a woman before and during pregnancy that can be detrimental to her and the fetus. In fact, Ectopic pregnancy (tubal pregnancy) occurs at a rate of 19.7 cases per 1,000 pregnancies in North America and is a leading cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester (Josie L Tenure). There are hundreds of other complications that can arise during pregnancy.…

    • 1122 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    First-line therapy for nausea and vomiting in pregnancy include H1 antagonists (diphenhydramine, meclizine, and dimenhydrinate). These medications were are considered first line because they have fewer material side effects and fetal safety is more well-established than other drugs. Second-line therapy for nausea and vomiting include prochlorperazine, metoclopramide, promethazine, droperidol, and ondansetron. Studies have shown that the uses of these medications during the early trimesters have not been associated with increase risk of congenital malformations. Promethazine did appear to lower the seizure threshold in pregnant…

    • 448 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    An Exclusive Review of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is neonatal withdrawal that may result from intrauterine exposure to various substances, including opioids, such as heroin, methadone, oxycodone, and Demerol; alcohol; valium; caffeine; and barbiturates. (Durham and Chapman, p.468) This can lead to complications for the baby including respiratory distress, excessing crying, seizures, tachypnea, and many more serious medical concerns. According to the National Institute of Drug Abuse, Neonatal abstinence syndrome has increased dramatically over recent years.…

    • 1002 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The issue, in this case, is the adoption of a newborn family member who may have been exposed to the mom’s cocaine use in the uterus. Drug abuse is common among many youths. Cocaine addiction is quite common among women of childbearing age. The cocaine is either smoked or injected into the system. The drug has many health effects of an individual but has the most adverse effects on the newborn babies.…

    • 1437 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Myths have been around for centuries and as decades go by more of them are being created. Many choose to believe that myths are true and will incorporate them into their daily lives. A very common group of people who tend to listen to myths are pregnant women. People have different myths and beliefs on how you should act when you are pregnant, but how do these choices effect a baby? Pregnant women want what is best for their child so they follow every rule in the book to make sure that their baby is born healthy.…

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    According to Drew Humphries (1999), congenital defects among babies born of crack/cocaine mothers has been a heavily debated topic since the issue came about in the late twentieth century. Some reports classified cocaine as a teratogenic drug that has serious birth defects while others say the effects are not as severe. One theory suggests that cocaine effects the central nervous system “where it alters the production of neurotransmitters, which in turn may interfere with tissue growth in the fetal central nervous system” (p. 54-55). Another theory suggests that, because cocaine is a vasoconstrictor, once it crosses the placenta, “it constricts the fetal vascular system, cutting off oxygen, nutrients, and blood supply necessary for the normal development of organs and tissue … and with it risk of internal bleeding or infection” (p. 55). Human studies were done and found that four birth defects were caused most frequently.…

    • 677 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    NO TITLE PAGE NO NAME!!! YOYO As the number of drug overdose in the United States has grown expansively, it has become a major concern not only for the people affected directly, but also for the entire nation as a whole. However, amidst the debate on this issue, an entire group entirely affected is often neglected or not even thought of.…

    • 2026 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Fetal Alcohol research Every year thousands of infants are born exposed to drugs. Some of these babies are born addicted and some premature and some with organ, limb, facial deformities and some with brain damage. Even Small amount of alcohol or drug can put the baby’s health at risk. Drugs can also cause the baby to be born prematurely, have learning and behavior problems, have sleeping and, have speech and language delays. Even over the counter medicine can be dangerous.…

    • 1808 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The full extent of the effects of cocaine use during pregnancy are not known. This is partially due to the fact that mothers are not usually truthful about drug use during pregnancy. Another issue is the fact that cocaine quickly leaves the body making it harder to detect use via urine drug test. It is also difficult to determine the effects of cocaine use during pregnancy, is that cocaine is rarely used exclusively. It is commonly accompanied with alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and/or other illegal drugs.…

    • 1064 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Epilepsy Research Paper

    • 2014 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Another potentially dangerous situation for a person with epilepsy is pregnancy. If a woman gets pregnant and they have epilepsy, she can be putting her life, and a child’s, in danger. Antiepileptic drugs, also known as AEDs, can be used to stop seizures and prevent neural connections from causing a seizure. But if a woman gets pregnant and still takes an AED, the child can be born with a birth defect, and the mother having epilepsy increases the chances in her child developing it (Mayo Clinic). Out of all of the physical complications that can happen because of epilepsy, the most dangerous one is the least common.…

    • 2014 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    According to the Global Library of Women’s Medicine (n.d.), “Of the 4 million women who become pregnant each year, at least 20% smoke cigarettes, 19% drink alcohol, 20% use legal drugs, and 10% use illicit drugs during their pregnancy.3 Thus, substance use is highly prevalent in pregnant women” (Epidemiology of Substance Abuse). That is 800,000 women who smoke cigarettes, 760,000 women who drink alcohol, 800,000 women who use legal drugs, and 400,000 women who use illicit drugs during their pregnancy. So while the percentages seem small it is evident that the actual number of pregnant women affected by drugs is quite large.…

    • 1552 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Research Paper On Epilepsy

    • 1342 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Epilepsy And Pregnancy-Preparing For Pregnancy By Jackie De Burca May 27, 2012 Most people who go on to be diagnosed with epilepsy will experience their first seizure between the ages of five and twenty years old, though, in fact, a seizure can happen at any age. Many neurologists and neuroscientists are of the opinion that each person's brain has a threshold above which a fit will be triggered; for people who have epilepsy that threshold can be very low. Epileptic individuals can experience many seizures which cause changes in behaviour, consciousness and attention. This "threshold" may be lowered because of conditions such as dementia, stroke or metabolic disease particularly in infancy.…

    • 1342 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays