Antonio Gramsci

Gramsci shares Marx’s ideals and objectives but not his methodology. For Gramsci, the struggle and preordained victory of the proletariat was not a foregone conclusion. Rather, instead of Marxism being essentially passive in its philosophical ideology, Gramsci believes it ought to be pedagogical. In order for meaningful transformation and egalitarianism to manifest itself, it is…

In this essay, Cox explains the effectiveness of critical theory by applying to it the ideas of the social forces to represent the subjective outcome of critical theory where he mentions that:"Theory is always for someone and for some purpose." (Cox, p 128). He explains that all theories tend to have perspectives where he mentions that perspectives are derived from a specific position in time and space, but mostly through social, political time and space. (Cox, p 128). According to Baylis and…

However, Marxist criticism evolved with the involvement of “Marxist theoreticians,” Georg Lukács and Antonio Gramsci (226). Lukács focused on “the social meaning of literary form” and Marx’s idea of “reification” (226). Reification refers back to commodification and how it intensifies alienation by diminishing social relations, ideas, and people into things…

The disabled groups can be considered the largest minority group in the world. The disabled people in society are subjected to different kinds of prejudices, discrimination and marginalization. The problem of disabled groups is as old as mankind. Oxford dictionary defines the term “disability” as physical incapacity, either congenital or caused by injury or disease, especially when limiting a person’s ability to work or lack of some asset, quality or attribute that prevents a person from doing…

Introduction to Gramsci’s Notion of Ideological Hegemony Antonio Gramsci’s concept of Hegemony in many contexts, has been defined as the presentation of the definition of reality and view of the world by the dominant classes.1 Currently, Hegemony continues to exist in Political and Civil societies where the dominant party’s preferred ideology is supported by obtaining the consensus of the population.2 Hence, beliefs, explanations, values and more are influenced by the dominant, where its…

In 1922 in Italy after the March of Rome, the monarchy, the church, the political elite and the voters felt Benito Mussolini and his Fascist regime would provide the political and financial stability that the country of Italy needed. Mussolini came to power in 1922 during Italy’s time of corruption, economic depression and labor disputes . He did not come in as a savior but more or so a dictator. Mussolini invented the word Fascism and introduced it as a political party to Italy, and it…

OF ANARCHY View on hegemony Bestowing upon Antonio Gramsci’s prison notebooks and ideas, it is recognised that his perception of hegemony was influenced by historical reflections of his own social and political history. Gramsci, the head of the communist party, witnessed capitalists were manipulating the social classes and infrastructure of early twentieth century Italy. Doing so in favour of the bourgeoisie, without the use of coercive control. Gramsci was concerned with finding a new social…

The Italian communist Antonio Gramsci, imprisoned for much of his life by Mussolini, took these idea further in his Prison Notebooks with his widely influential notions of ‘hegemony’ and the ‘manufacture of consent’ (Gramsci 1971). Gramsci saw the capitalist state as being made up of two overlapping spheres, a ‘political society’ (which rules through force) and a ‘civil society’ (which rules through consent). This is a different meaning of civil society from the ‘associational’ view common…

access to scarce social resources, e.g. money, fame, force, knowledge, information, status ... etc. Various resources produce different "types of power", reflected in laws, norms, habits ... etc. Dominant powers either resist, or find this normal. Gramsci uses the notion of "hegemony" to express how the state and civil society maintain consent to the class hierarchies of capitalist society (Hall 1992; Hall 1996b). While Fairclough (1995b) argues that hegemony integrates economy, politics, and…

Plato, The Republic, trans. John Llewelyn Davies and David James Vaughn, revised by Andrea Tschemplik (Lanham, MD.: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2005), in Classics of Political and Moral Philosophy, 2nd ed., ed. Steven M. Cahn (New York: Oxford University Press, Inc., 2012): 31-168. According to Shmuel Harlap (1979), there is a rich debate regarding how Thrasymachus should be interpreted among academics, beginning with G. B. Kerferd’s “The Doctrine of Thrasymachus in Plato’s Republic”…