Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Swine |
Hyostrongylus rubidus, Ascarops strongylina, Physocephalus sexalatus, Ascaris suum, Strongyloides ransomi, Trichinella spiralis, Oesophagostomum sp., Trichuris suis |
|
|
|
Ascarops strongylina or Physocephalus sexalatus Thick Stomach Worm Indirect: host = dung beetle Dx: Eggs in feces Infective stage: larvae in dung beetle |
|
|
|
Ascaris suum Large round worm Pigs Direct Dx: Sometimes pass worm in feces; 41 cm long, 5cm wide Adults live in small intestine Tx: Ivermectin, Levamisole, Fenbendazole, Pyran Eggs look like tamberine |
|
|
|
Trichuris suis Whipworm Thick, yellow-brown shell with bipolar plugs Live in cecum and colon Live in the ground for 3-5 years Pre. period: 3 months Most dewormers only kill adults; must be treated for a minimum of 3 months |
|
|
|
Respiratory Nematodes |
Metastrongylus elongatus |
|
|
|
Metastrongylus elongatus Lung worm Indirect: host = earthworm Larvae released and migrate to lungs Dx: embrionated eggs in feces and adults in radiograph |
|
|
|
Stephanurus dentatus Kidney worm (aberrant) 2nd most common in pigs Direct Lives mostly in kidney and in other organs Earthworm may be transport host Dx: eggs in urine Infective stage: L3 - soil or earthworm but skin penetration is possible Dislikes cold climates; If penetrates the skin, it will enter the lungs where it enters systemic circulation and goes to the kidney, but it can be found in the thorax. If ingested, it will pass through the intestinal wall into the hepatic portal system into the liver, where it will stay for 2-9 months, then it will break into the peritoneal region (kidney tissue or fat) in body. 6-16 months before shedding eggs Tx: Ivermectin or Fenbendazole |
|
|
|
Protozoa of Pigs |
Balantidium coli, Cryptosporidium coli, Cryptoisospora suis or Isospora suis |
|
|
|
Urogenital Nematodes |
Stephanurus dentatus, Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus |
|
|
|
Cystoisospora suis Isospora suis Direct Found in small intestine Dx: Oocytes in feces Infective stage: Sporulated Only treat if showing symptoms |
|
|
|
Blood parasites |
Babesia spp., Mycoplasma haemofelis (Haemobartonella), Mycoplasma haemocanis (Haemobartonella), Eperthyrozoon spp., Anaplasma margonale, Trypanosoma spp. |
|
|
|
Babesia spp. canis = dog, equi = horse, caballi = horse, bigemina = cow Canine & Equine piroplasms Indirect: host = tick Binary fission Dx: Basophilic pear-shaped organism in red blood cell or serum Causes: hemalytic anemia, fever, anorexia Tx: Imidocarb Diproprionate |
|
|
|
Mycoplasma spp. haemofelis = FIA (Feline Infectious Anemia), haemocanis = very rare Transmitted by fleas and ticks Dx: blood smear Tx: Tetracycline and Oxytetracycline or Doxicycline Causes: Anorexia and Dehydration |
|
|
|
Trypanosoma spp. Depends on animal Transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods Dx: Blood smear or histopathology (tissue sample) No known Tx Zoonotic so animals are usually euthanized Cause: Anemia, enlarged spleen, enlarged lymph nodes |
|
|
|
Arthropods |
Animals with jointed legs; vectors, intermediate hosts, or produce toxins |
|
|
|
Ticks |
"questing", sense heat and when they feel heat, they attach where the female will engorge on the host, drop to the ground, and lay eggs. The eggs will hatch into larva called seed ticks; larva quest to find small mammal host to feed on; first larva has 6 legs, drops off host, and changes into a nymph which has 8 legs, it climbs onto vegetation, quests, and attaches to another mammal where it gets its meal, drops to the ground, and changes into an adult. The adult finds host, pairs with mate, and the life cycle stats over. Female is bigger than the male. Tx: once a month topicals, sprays, shampoos, tick collars, dips |
|
|
|
Sarcoptes scabei Sarcoptic mange D. Host: Dogs Transmitted: direct contact usually between own species but humans can catch, not severe to humans Dx: deep skin scraping "burrowing mite" Mates on top of the skin and lays eggs, eggs hatch into larvae which burrow and tunnel Burrowing and Tunneling cause itching Tx: dip = paramite, use for 2 weeks apart and 2-3 treatments may be necessary, tell clients to soak skin |
|
|
|
Demodex spp. Red mange Found: Sebaceous glands and hair follicles of host Host specific, can be transmitted when puppy is nursing, normal, nonpathogenic but becomes issue if immunodeficiancy or under stress which causes multiplication Tx: Dip: mitaban, every 2 weeks for a minimum of 4 dips, wear goggles and gloves when applying; Dovamectin (Ivermectin derivative) injection = once a week for 6 weeks |
|
|
|
Otodectes cynotis Ear Mite D. Host: Dog and cat can swap from dog to cat or cat to dog If animal is part of a multiple animal family, treat everyone Dx: Swab mite and use mineral oil or the Dr. can see with otoscope Tx: Ivermectin, Tresaderm (must be refrigerated and is costly) |
|
|
Flea cycle |
Adult > eggs > larvae > pupa > adult |
|
