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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PID is defined as? |
inflammation of the pelvic and adnexal structures |
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PID usually spreads from the cervix to the? |
fallopian tubes and adnexae |
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PID is caused most often by? |
STD and polymicrobial |
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PID predispoes women to? |
-infertility -tubal scarring -ectopic pregnancy
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Hydrosalpinx is? Pyosalpinx? |
-collection of fluid within a scatted or obstructed fallopian tube. -pus in fallopian tube |
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What are the stages of PID? |
-stage 1: endometritis -stage 2: subacute or acute salpingitis, may produce pyosaplinx -stage 3: severe PID -broad ligament and ovarian involvement. May result in tubo-ovarian abscess if purulent material leaks out of end of fallopian tube. Pt may develope peritonitis and acute perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome) -Chornic:long standing subacute condition which follows acute PID. adhesions may cause pelvic organs to merge centrally leading to "indefinite uterus sign" |
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Clinical signs of PID are? |
-fever -leukosytosis -lower abdominal pain -purulent vaginal discharge -pelvic tenderness, bilateral/diffuse -cervical motion thenderness -constant dull pain worsened by sexual activity |
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Sono findings of Stage 1 PID? |
-thickening and irregularity of the endometrium -fluid, debris, or gas within the endo cavity -diffuse hypoechogenicity of the uterus -indistinct borders of pelvic structures -fluid in posterior cul-de-sac |
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Sono findings of Stage 2 PID? |
-pyosaplinx -tubular adnexal cystic masses -shaggy tubal walls -usually unilateral but may be bilateral |
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Sono findings of Stage 3 PID? |
-TOA -indistinct walls surrounding the mass -TOC ( tubo-ovarian complex: vissible tube and ovary, indlamed, no abscess) |
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Sono findings of Chronic PID? |
-hydosalpinx -uterus and ovaries in pelvis difficult to visualize borders ( "indefinite uterus" or "lobster claw" sign)
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Endometriosis is? |
presence of the functional endometrial tissue outside the endometrium and myometrium |
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Implants of endometriosis commonly occur in the? |
-ovaries (80% of cases) -fallopian tubes -broad ligament -posterior cul-de-sac -pelvic peritoneum |
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Endometriosis is more common in? |
caucasians, women of reproductive age
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Localized endometirosis (endometrioma) is sometimes called? |
chocolate cysts |
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With moderate/stage 3 endometriosis what is affected? |
ovaries, adhesions are present |
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With severe/stage 4 endometriosis is the same as stage 3 except? |
multiple and more dense adhesions |
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Clinical signs of endometriosis are? |
-4 ds, chronic pain, infertility -dysmenorrhea: painful menses -dysparunia: painful intercourse -dysuria: difficult urination -dyschezia: difficult defecation |
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Sono findings of endometriosis? |
-well defined, unilocular or multilocular mass with diffuse, homogeneous low level echoes -posterior acoustic enhancement -occasionally may be solid, cystic or complex -may have thick or slightly irregular walls -diffuse form rarely detected by US |
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Appendicitis is when the diameter is? |
>6mm |
