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50 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What does TOC stand for?

Train Operating Conditions

What is the safeworking system used in our area of operation in NSW?

Single line bi-directional Rail Vehicle Detection Systems

What are route indicators and why are they important?

White illuminated arrows or letters on signal posts that indicate which route the points are set for. In some locations the same signal aspect may have more than one applicable route.

If a banner indicator is defectice what precautions must the driver take?

As best as possible try and regulate speed to be able to stop at the signal if necessary. Consider signal at stop until it is seen to have a proceed aspect. Inform NCO of banner defect.

What steps can be used to attempt to stop a train other than contacting NCO?

Emergency Local Radio Call. Red Hand Signal (Wave arms violently if you have no red flag/lamp). Red Marker Lights. Emergency Track Circuit Jumper Cables. Emergency Whistle code (short sharp bursts). Flash headlight between high and low. Detach Locomotive and move forward if it is possible and helps.


Use ATWs (3 to stop train, 2 to slow)

What speed may you do in NSW if your headlights fail?

Day - Up to Normal Speed.


Night or poor visibility - Restricted Speed, 25kmph maximum over level crossings, stations, tunnels & cuttings.


Repair or remarshal as soon as possible.

How would you operate a train if the whistle has failed in NSW?

Inform NCO. Travel at restricted speed to nearest location to remarshal or repair. Headlight must be flashed between low and high beam to warn road/pedestrian traffic. 25kmph over crossings etc.

What track gauges are used in NSW?

Standard Gauge only. 1435mm/4' 8 1/2"

Define Civil Infrastructure.

The track, formation, drainage & fixed structures beside/over/under the track. Support for overhead and signalling & telecom equipment. Not the equipment itself.

NSW - Define Network Control Officer

A train controller for an unattended location. A signaller for an attended location. A delegate carrying out functions of a train controller or signaller.

Who operates points & signals on the ARTC network in NSW?

Train Controllers at Junee Network Control Centre South. Main South B Controller. No signallers on ARTC network.

What is the function of fixed signals?

Fixed signals are used to control train movements over the route and to ensure there is a safe distance between trains and sometimes track workers. Interlockings are used at points to ensure that a proceed indication cannot be displayed if the points are not set correctly.

What 2 categories of signals are used in NSW?

Running Signals & Shunting Signals.



Running Signals are used to control train movements on running lines. Shunting Signals are used to authorise shunting movements on running lines and sidings.

Define the term 'overlap'

The distance beyond a fixed signal at stop that must be unoccupied before that signal can display a proceed aspect.

Under what circumstances may a handsignaller be protecting a signal?

If it is defective or protecting a worksite.

If a handsignaller is positioned at a signal what must they do?

Stop the train and verbally inform driver of reason signal must be passed at stop before handsignalling driver to pass signal.

Under what 3 circumstances may a driver pass a permissive signal at stop?

If signaller doesn't instruct driver not to proceed and block is not known to be occupied. If driver considers it safe.

Under what 4 operating rules can a starting signal be passed at stop if moving beyond yard limits?

302 Local Possession Authority, 304 Track Occupancy Authority, 514 Special Proceed Authority, 516 Pilot Staff Working.

What is the authority to pass a starter signal at stop if not moving beyond yard limits?

Verbal authority. Yard limits.

What is the authority to pass an absolute signal that isn't a starter?

Verbal authority.

What does the sign above mean to the driver? (Excuse the graffiti)

Start of type F level crossing circuit.

What does it mean if a type F level crossing sign has a blue border?

Crossing is fitted with predictor technology.

If a type F level crossing has been infrequently used how long before it is considered faulty?

- If it has not been tested in 32 hours.


- If it has not been passed over for 72 hours.

If a handsignaller is provided at a faulty level crossing how must rail traffic approach?

Be prepared to stop short of crossing. Handsignaller will only authorise rail traffic to use road crossing once all road and pedestrian traffic has been stopped.

If a handsignaller is not present at a faulty level crossing how must the driver operate?

Stop short of crossing and only proceed when it is safe to do so.

In NSW on what side of the line would you find Km posts?

Left in the down direction. (Same in Victoria)

What colour are catch point and derail signs in NSW?

Red with white writing.

When shunting are yard limit signs absolute?

Yes, must not be passed without NCO authority.

What does this sign mean to the driver?

If a train is over 1150m long train must be at set speed at this board and not increase speed until next fixed signal is seen to be displaying 'clear'/green. For reduced stopping distances.


Note - approach to Uranquinty Up direction.

Where could you find one of these and what does it mean?

End of a platform. Indicates there is an INNER handsignaller ahead protecting a worksite.

What does this sign mean to the driver?

A speed that must be reached by next next signal. Yellow applies to frieght.



Note - None Albury to Junee.

Before starting any type of trackwork what must be done?

Risk Assessment, identify safe place(s), confirm with NCO and appoint a Protection Officer.

How long is a lookout allowed to keep watch continuously in NSW?

1 hour.

What is the minimum clearance time with Lookout Working?

25 seconds. Or calculated on sighting distance & track speed.

What does work on track require in NSW?

A Protection Officer.

How may ASB be used?

Control keeping absolute signals at stop. Control may also authorise removal of ESML handle or EOL Key (and securing points away if necessary).

How are trains permitted to enter the limits of an LPA or TOA?

No trains are allowed to be permitted unless they are work trains.



Work trains - Piloted by PPO, PO or authorised delegate. Authorised by NCO to pass signals that can't be cleared.

In NSW what are the 7 identified times that confirmation of a message must be repeated back correctly?

1. A Proceed Authority.


2. Instruction not to proceed.


3. Work on Track Authority.


4. Work on Track Method.


5. Train Running Info.


6. Special Working.


7. CAN

What steps would you take to attempt to stop a train on an adjacent line in an emergency?

Emergency Local Radio Call


Contact NCO to stop rail traffic (until confirmation is recieved continue by):


Red Handsignal, Red Marker Lights, Track Circuit Shorting clips, Emergency Whistle Code, Headlight between high and low beam, Place 3 dets 500m from obstruction first then 2 dets 2500m from obstruction.

What details need to be recorded in permanent form when recieving a CAN that doesn't need a form?

CAN# & Details

When must the whistle be sounded?

If det(s) are exploded.


Whistle Board.


Before Passing Over a Crossing.


Before entering cuttings or a tunnel.


To ackowledge shunting handsignals.


To warn people or an animals near the track.


When crossing another train.

What whistle code is used when an emergency stop is needed?

2 short sharp blasts repeated.

In NSW Locomotives used solely for shunting in shunting yards/terminals must display what marker light arrangment?

2 reds each end.

In NSW if you were to "lose" your ETM and not have a replacement what may NCO get you do?

Travel as a block train to next crossing location (or further if authorized) until ETM is replaced.

What conditions must be followed when directing a propelling movement?

Be directed at leading end by qualified worker.


Be controlled by the driver.


Comply with reqs of TOC manual (structure, weight & drawgear).


Ensure route is set and secured.


Signals obeyed.

What is the speed for propelling over a level crossing in NSW?

10kmph. (Only if protected)

What is the speed for propelling in NSW?

Restricted Speed. Maximum 25kmph.

Who authorises a propelling movement?

Within a section - Train Controller. (SPA)


With Yard Limits - Network Control Officer.

What are your actions if you run over dets in NSW?

All sound one long whistle.


1 - Slow, look for warning signs, contact control.


2 - Slow to 25kmph, look for handsignaller, be prepared to stop.


3 - Stop immediately.

Where musn't you place dets unless it is an emergency?

Underground, in tunnels, in steep cuttings, within 75m of workers or passenger platform.