The Chemistry Of Life- Chapter Two

Front 1

elements

Back 1

substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary means

Front 2

what 4 elements make up 96% of living matter?

Back 2

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen & nitrogen

Front 3

molecule

Back 3

two or more atoms covalently bonded

Front 4

protons, neutrons & electrons are called?

Back 4

subatomic particles

Front 5

what’s the name for the 6 most important elements in living things?

Back 5

SPONCH

Front 6

do covalent bonds share electrons or not?

Back 6

they do

Front 7

covalent bond

Back 7

strongest bond where atoms share electrons

Front 8

ionic bond

Back 8

oppositely charged atoms that are attracted to one another

Front 9

covalent bond- metal or non metals?

Back 9

non metals

Front 10

ionic bonds- metal or nonmetal?

Back 10

usually a metal and a nonmetal

Front 11

what makes up 65 to 95% of the bodies of most living things?

Back 11

water

Front 12

polar

Back 12

has a slight change

Front 13

water is cohesive. cohesion-

Back 13

sticks together very well (sticks to itself)

Front 14

adhesion

Back 14

when water sticks to something else

Front 15

surface tension

Back 15

the cohesion allows the water to form droplets, making a kind of membrane

Front 16

what’s the only thing that won’t dissolve in water?

Back 16

oil

Front 17

capillary action

Back 17

water can “climb”

Front 18

high heat of vaporization means-

Back 18

water must a large about of heat before it turns to vapor

Front 19

organic compound

Back 19

contains carbon & hydrogen atoms

Front 20

4 main types of macromolecules

Back 20

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins & nucleic acids

Front 21

carbohydrates are composed of?

Back 21

carbon, hydrogen & oxygen atoms

Front 22

what’s the most important sugar that exists?

Back 22

glucose

Front 23

monomers

Back 23

building blocks of macromolecules

Front 24

monosaccharides

Back 24

simple sugars

Front 25

disaccharides

Back 25

contain two monosaccharides

Front 26

polysaccharide

Back 26

formed from many individual sugars into long chains

Front 27

ose=

Back 27

sugar

Front 28

ase=

Back 28

enzyme

Front 29

cellulose

Back 29

cell wall of plants

Front 30

glyeogen

Back 30

storage form of glucose

Front 31

lipids

Back 31

class of macromolecules that don’t dissolve in water

Front 32

examples of lipids are

Back 32

fats, oils & steroids

Front 33

the functions of lipids are:

Back 33

energy storage, structural support in cell membranes, serve as reactants

Front 34

phospholipids

Back 34

lipids that contain phosphate. major component of the cell membrane

Front 35

steroids

Back 35

lipids with four linked rings of carbon

Front 36

monomer of lipids-

Back 36

fatty acids

Front 37

monomer of carbohydrates-

Back 37

monosaccharides

Front 38

proteins-

Back 38

hydrogen compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, & nitrogen atoms

Front 39

monomer for proteins-

Back 39

amino acids

Front 40

are proteins enzymes? what are enzymes?

Back 40

yes. enzymes are proteins that help control chemical reactions by speeding it up

Front 41

nucleic acids-

Back 41

organic molecules that store genetic information

Front 42

monomers for nucleic acids

Back 42

nucleotides

Front 43

DNA

Back 43

the genetic information inside the nucleus of the cells

Front 44

RNA

Back 44

code for protien synthesis

Front 45

ATP

Back 45

energy for the cell