Test Chapter 5 And 6

Front 1

Messages are packaged

Back 1

verbal and nonverbal together

Front 2

Messages meaning are in people

Back 2

you don't receive meaning; you create it because meaning is in people and each person is unique- no messages are understood exactly the same

Front 3

meaning is both denotative and connotative

Back 3

denotative means literal definition and connotative means what it conjures. Example: (denotative) Love - *definition* (connotative)Love - she's beautiful smart

Front 4

Messages vary in abstraction

Back 4

general to specific. Example: entertainment - film - american film - classic american film - all about eve

Front 5

Messages vary in politeness

Back 5

positive face - likeable; negative face - respect

Front 6

indirect messages with people allows

Back 6

for escape and seeks to confirm - doesn't insult or offend. Example: hey im not going to be able to go because i got no ride.

Front 7

direct messages with people allows

Back 7

to put people on the spot. Example: Can I drive your car?

Front 8

Messages meaning can deceive

Back 8

such as lying - the intention to mislead someone

Front 9

types of lies

Back 9

1. pro-social 2. self-enhancement 3. selfish 4. anti-social and 5. forgain

Front 10

pro-social deception

Back 10

benefits the person lied to or lied about. Example: telling someone they look good but they don't

Front 11

self-enhancement deception

Back 11

to make yourself look good. Example: talk about good grades but not bad grades

Front 12

selfish deception

Back 12

to protect yourself. Example: tell your partner you were with your friends but you went to the bar instead

Front 13

anti-social deception

Back 13

cause harm to someone. Example: telling false rumors about someone

Front 14

forgain

Back 14

to gain something. Example: I don't feel good today can you do the dishes

Front 15

strategies of lying

Back 15

1. exaggeration 2. minimization 3. substitution 4. equivocation 5. omission 6. flat out lie

Front 16

exaggeration

Back 16

Example: Omg this was the best omlette in the world

Front 17

minimization

Back 17

Example: minimizing your lack of money by saying we have more than enough

Front 18

substitution

Back 18

swapping from bad to acceptable

Front 19

equivocation

Back 19

the message is ambiguous which doesn't let the other person know the true meaning of the message

Front 20

omission

Back 20

leave out the truth - leave out negative just include positive

Front 21

truth bias

Back 21

believe the one you love is always telling the truth

Front 22

lie biad

Back 22

believe a criminal or someone you dislike is always telling a lie

Front 23

messages can criticize or praise

Back 23

elaborate on your criticism and praise; don't be vague and cause false hope or hurt feelings

Front 24

messages vary in assertiveness

Back 24

whether the assertiveness is required. Example: asking for a raise - assertive; asking for a pencil - not assertive

Front 25

messages can confirm or disconfirm

Back 25

confirm - acknowledges and accepts that person's point of view; disconfirm - not even acknowledging that person's point of view or other realities

Front 26

rejection

Back 26

disagree with the person acknowledging their existence

Front 27

guidelines for verbal message

Back 27

1. extensionalize 2. see the individual 3. distinguish between fact and inference 4. discrimintate among 5. talk about the middle 6. update the message

Front 28

extensionalize

Back 28

don't judge a book by it's cover; avoid intentional orientation; don't let label define a person; let identity come from the person

Front 29

see the individual

Back 29

avoid allness; don't judge someone based on first impression

Front 30

distinguish b/w fact and inference

Back 30

the difference between what's real and what's an assumption

Front 31

discriminate among

Back 31

don't lump things together; avoid indiscrimination (no stereotyping such as all teachers play golf and are boring)

Front 32

talk about the middle

Back 32

avoid polarization or making things extreme; look for middle ground

Front 33

update the message

Back 33

people change and evolve; avoid a static evaluation; just because barbara was a bitch in HS doesn't mean she is now

Front 34

Nonverbal Communication is

Back 34

communication without words, they structure the convo.

Front 35

6 ways nonverbal messages interact with verbal messages

Back 35

1. Accent - to emphasize

2. Complement - to add nuances of meaning

3. Contradict - to do the opposite

4. Control - to manage conversation

5. Repeat - to repeat or restate with nonverbal gestures

6. Substitute - to replace words with nonverbal gestures

Front 36

10 ways to communicate your attractiveness nonverbally

Back 36

1. gesture to show liveliness and animation

2. nod and lead forward to show interest

3. smile and facially show interest, attention and postivity

4. make eye contact moderately

5. touch in moderation and appropriately

6. use vocal variation

7. use appropriate facial reactions, posture

8. stand reasonably close

9. present a pleasant smell

10. dress appropriately for situation

Front 37

tie signs

Back 37

they indicate the ways in which your relationship is tied together, such as a wedding ring.

Front 38

channels of nonverbal communication

Back 38

1. body gestures

2. body appearance

3. facial communication

4. eye communication

5. touch communication

6. paralanguage and silence

7. spatial messages

8. artifactual communication

9. temporal communication

Front 39

Body Gestures include

Back 39

1. emblems - directly translate words or phrases, such as peace sign

2. illustrators - accompany and literally illustrate verbal messages, such as lets go with circular hand movement

3. affect displays - communicate emotional meaning, such as a smile or frown

4. regulators - monitor, maintain, or control the speaking of another

5. adaptors - satisfy some need, such as scratching head, chewing on pencil

Front 40

3 types of adaptors

Back 40

1. self adaptors - grooming, checking or maintaining yourself

2. alter adaptors - reposition yourself in response to the other person

3. object adaptors - playing with objects

Front 41

body appearance

Back 41

your body formulates a message based on height, weight, skin, eye and hair color. Your general attractiveness also is a part of body communication. Attractive people have the advantage in just about every activity.

Front 42

Facial communication

Back 42

signals emotions, such as happiness, surprise, fear, anger, sadness, disgust, contempt, and interest

Front 43

Facial management techniques

Back 43

1. intensify - exaggerate excitement

2. deintensify - cover up joy because friend is unhappy

3. neutralize

4. mask - cover up sadness by being happy

5. simulate - express emotion you don't feel

Front 44

facial feedback hypothesis

Back 44

is when your facial expressions influences your physiological arousal, such as smiling make you feel happy

Front 45

eye communication

Back 45

communication of the eyes vary depending on the duration, direction, and quality of the eye behavior

Front 46

eye avoidance

Back 46

is to avert your eyes to give others privacy or to signal lack of interest

Front 47

Touch communication

Back 47

the most primitive form of communication and may communicate five major meanings:

1. positive emotions

2. playfulness

3. control

4. ritual

5. task-related

Front 48

Paralanguage

Back 48

is the vocal but nonverbal dimension of speech. It has to do with the manner in which you say something rather than what you say. This includes vocal characteristics, such as rate, volume and pitch

Front 49

Silence (functions)

Back 49

1. to provide time to think

2. to hurt

3. to respond to personal anxiety

4. to prevent communication

5. to communicate emotions

6. to achieve specific effects

7. to say nothing

Front 50

Spatial messages - 4 proxemic distances

Back 50

1. intimate distance - 6 to 18 inches away from body, such as wrestling, lovemaking etc.

2. personal distance - 18 inches to 4 feet, allows you to stay protected and untouched by others - space around you

3. social distance - 4 to 12 feet, you lose visual detail you had at the personal distance - sharing space

4. public distance - 12 to more than 25 feet - free space

Front 51

territoriality

Back 51

the possessive reaction to an area or particular objects, there are 3 types:

1. primary territories - areas you might call your own, such as room, desk, or office

2. secondary territories - are areas that don't belong to you but you have occupied, such as table in cafe or classroom seat

3. public territories - are areas that are open to all people, such as a theater, restaurant or mall

Front 52

artifactual communication

Back 52

consists of messages conveyed by objects that are made by human hands such as clothing, hairstyle, jewlery, scents

Front 53

temporal communication

Back 53

concerns the use of time, such as how you organize it, react to it, and communicate messages through it. There are two:

Present orientation - for now, not tomorrow - low ses

Future orientation - you look toward and live for the future - high ses