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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social class according to Weber?
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a large group of people who rank close to one another in property, power or prestige
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What is an ascribed status?
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a position an individual either inherits at birth or receives involuntarily later in life
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What is an achieved status?
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a position that is earned, accomplished or involves at least some effort or activity on the individuals part
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Status inconsistency AKA
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status discrepancy
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What is mechanical solidarity?
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Durkheim's term for the interdependence that results from the division of labor, people depending on others to fulfill their jobs
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What is Gemeinschaft?
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a type of society in which life is intimate, a community in which everyone knows everyone else and people share a sense of togetherness
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What is Gesellschaft?
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a type of society that is dominated by impersonal relationships, individual accomplishments and self-interest
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What is dramaturgy? Who?
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Erving Goffman
social life is analyzed in terms of drama or the stage |
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What is role strain?
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conflicts that someone feels within a role
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What is a sign-vehicle? Who?
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Goffman
refers to how people use social setting, appearance, and manner to communicate information about the self |
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What is ethnomethodology?
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the study of how people use background assumptions to make sense out of life
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What is an operational definition?
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the way in which a researcher measures a variable
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What is validity?
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the extent to which an operational definition measures what it is intended to measure
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What is reliability?
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the extent to which research produces consistent or dependable results
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What is interviewer bias?
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effects that interviewers have on respondents that lead to biased answer
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Participant observation AKA
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fieldwork
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What is a case study?
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an analysis of a single event, situation, or individual
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What are unobtrusive measures?
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ways of observing people so they do not know they are being studied
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What is a shaman?
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the healing specialist of a tribe who attempts to control the spirits thought to cause a disease or injury, commonly called a witch doctor
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What are horticultural societies based on?
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cultivating plants by the use of hand tools
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What was the domestication revolution?
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the first social revolution, based on the domestication of plants and animals
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The domestication revolution led to...
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pastoral and horticultural societies
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What was the agricultural revolution?
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the second social revolution, based on the invention of the plow which led to agricultural societies
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What was the Industrial revolution?
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third social revolution, occurring when machines powered by fuels replaced most animal and human power
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What is a biotech society?
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one whose economy increasingly centers on the application of genetics to produce medicine, food and materials
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In groups vs out groups
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loyalty vs. antagonism
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What is a dyad?
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smallest possible group of two
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What is a coalition?
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the alignment of some members of a group against another
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What is an instrumental leader?
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an individual who tries to keep the group moving toward its goals
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Instrumental leader AKA....
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task-oriented leader
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What is an expressive leader?
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an individual who increases harmony and minimizes conflict in a group
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Expressive leader AKA...
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socio-emotional leader
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