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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Giddens |
Four practical benefits of studying sociology: 1. Understanding society 2. Awareness of cultural difference 3. Increased self knowledge 4. Assessing the effectiveness of government policies |
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Four perspectives who believe sociology should shape social policy |
Social demotic, left realist, liberal feminist, third way Giddens |
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Townsend |
Social democrat who influenced social policy after studying 2000 london households, with his concept of relative deprivation |
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3 policies exemplified by 'understanding cultural differences' |
1. 1995 disability discrimination act 2. Race relations act 1965 3. Equality act 2010 4. EU equal treatment directives |
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3 policies exemplified by 'understanding cultural differences' |
1. 1995 disability discrimination act 2. Race relations act 1965 3. Equality act 2010 4. EU equal treatment directives |
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Example of assessing the effects of social policy |
1. University of York conducting NHS cost-benefit analysis eg. Determining quality of life 2. National Institute for Clinical Excellence |
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An example of sociology proving increased self knowledge |
Sexual practice surveys have helped to normalise homosexuality and encourage the gay community to fight for equal rights (eg Giddens' reflexivity) |
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Lea and Young |
Used victim surveys to put forward a range of practical solutions to crime. Their knowledge used to encourage community policing and reduced custodial sentences. |
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Lea and Young |
Used victim surveys to put forward a range of practical solutions to crime. Their knowledge used to encourage community policing and reduced custodial sentences. |
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Durkheim |
Social facts/cause effect relationships can be established from sociology and used to solve social problems through influencing legislation |
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Lea and Young |
Used victim surveys to put forward a range of practical solutions to crime. Their knowledge used to encourage community policing and reduced custodial sentences. |
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Durkheim |
Social facts/cause effect relationships can be established from sociology and used to solve social problems through influencing legislation |
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Marx |
Hoped his work would inspire the working classes to undergo revolution - eg not targeting the government and state agencies |
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Liberal feminism |
Betty Friedan - Patriarchy can be changed gradually via legislation. Eg: 1. Marital Rape Act 1991 2. Sex Discrimination Act 1975 3. Equal Pay Act 1970 |
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Westergaard |
Social policy decreases class consciousness and sugar coats capitalism, reducing the chance that the working class will revolt. Social problems can only be overcome through revolution |
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3 examples of New Labour policies influenced by Giddens' Third Way |
1. Working family tax credit 2. Sure Start programmes 3. Minimum wage Eg society tweaks rather than structural change |
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3 examples of New Labour policies influenced by Giddens' Third Way |
1. Working family tax credit 2. Sure Start programmes 3. Minimum wage Eg society tweaks rather than structural change |
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Bauman |
Sociologists in no position to influence SP. They should be interpreters, not legislators as they were in modern times. Their knowledge is relative and uncertain. Postmodernist |
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Radical feminist |
Criticise liberal feminists for advocating for superficial policies - only way to emancipate women is through dismantling the patriarchy. The goverment is a patriarchal institution |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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The Black Report 1980 |
Example of how sociology can't influence social policy. Buried by a Tory govt (260 copies made, published on a bank holiday, had no effect on UK policy, but taken on by WHO in 13 countries). It showed economic inequality to be a key factor in health inequality, despite a national health service |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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The Black Report 1980 |
Example of how sociology can't influence social policy. Buried by a Tory govt (260 copies made, published on a bank holiday, had no effect on UK policy, but taken on by WHO in 13 countries). It showed economic inequality to be a key factor in health inequality, despite a national health service |
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4 reasons social policy can't influence governments |
1. Financial limitations 2. Some policies receive too much opposition (eg smoking) 3. Govts only act in interests of powerful/influential/vote acquiring groups 4. They rarely engage in radical or long term change (eg both Giddens and Murray have had influence) |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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The Black Report 1980 |
Example of how sociology can't influence social policy. Buried by a Tory govt (260 copies made, published on a bank holiday, had no effect on UK policy, but taken on by WHO in 13 countries). It showed economic inequality to be a key factor in health inequality, despite a national health service |
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4 reasons social policy can't influence governments |
1. Financial limitations 2. Some policies receive too much opposition (eg smoking) 3. Govts only act in interests of powerful/influential/vote acquiring groups 4. They rarely engage in radical or long term change (eg both Giddens and Murray have had influence) |
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Philo and Miller |
Researchers are often silenced by targeted funding |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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The Black Report 1980 |
Example of how sociology can't influence social policy. Buried by a Tory govt (260 copies made, published on a bank holiday, had no effect on UK policy, but taken on by WHO in 13 countries). It showed economic inequality to be a key factor in health inequality, despite a national health service |
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4 reasons social policy can't influence governments |
1. Financial limitations 2. Some policies receive too much opposition (eg smoking) 3. Govts only act in interests of powerful/influential/vote acquiring groups 4. They rarely engage in radical or long term change (eg both Giddens and Murray have had influence) |
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Philo and Miller |
Researchers are often silenced by targeted funding |
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Tombs and Whyte |
Sociologists can't carry out relevant work as information and access often withheld by governments it would produce undesired conclusions |
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Murray |
New right. This perspective favours 'small government', and overzealous social policy can exacerbate social problems, eg by creating welfare dependency. Influential on Tory governments. Eg free schools |
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Criticism of new right |
Contradictory - high regulations morally and on education and crime, yet low on welfare etc |
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Example of a new right policy |
The Welfare Reform Act 2012 Eg benefit caps, phasing out disability living allowance, bedroom tax |
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Right realist |
In favour of target hardening/policy that reduces crime opportunities, but against policies that try and reform the offender (penal) |
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The Black Report 1980 |
Example of how sociology can't influence social policy. Buried by a Tory govt (260 copies made, published on a bank holiday, had no effect on UK policy, but taken on by WHO in 13 countries). It showed economic inequality to be a key factor in health inequality, despite a national health service |
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4 reasons social policy can't influence governments |
1. Financial limitations 2. Some policies receive too much opposition (eg smoking) 3. Govts only act in interests of powerful/influential/vote acquiring groups 4. They rarely engage in radical or long term change (eg both Giddens and Murray have had influence) |
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Philo and Miller |
Researchers are often silenced by targeted funding |
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Tombs and Whyte |
Sociologists can't carry out relevant work as information and access often withheld by governments it would produce undesired conclusions |
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Sheperd |
Argument radical perspectives do get taken into account - eg radical feminism has influenced a change in prostitution laws despite public opinion not being so liberal |
