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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Durkheim: Totemism. What is totemism?
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The worship of an object, or totem. A representation of religion in its basic form.
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Durkheim: Totemism. What does totemism do for a society?
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Religiosity, ceremonies, and rituals, act as a binding force which brings people together, promoting social solidarity.
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Durkheim: Totemism. Why does this mean religion is a conservative force?
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Religion acts a conservative force as it promotes social cohesion.
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Durkheim: Collective conscience. What is collective conscience?
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The collective conscience is the shared norms, values, beliefs and knowledge that make social life and co-operation between individuals possible. It maintains social order and integration, disallowing social change.
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Durkheim: Civil religion. What did Durkheim believe would happen to traditional religion?
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He believed that the supernatural elements of religion could fade, and would be replaced by "civil religion".
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Durkheim: Civil religion. Why is civil religion still good?
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Civil religion suggests has sacred qualities that are attached to aspects of society itself, with non-religious rituals and ceremonies performing similar functions to religion. (collective conscience)
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Durkheim: Civil religion. Example?
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This is currently evident in America, where people worship the country (the flag, the anthem, etc.) In Britain, we worship celebrities, fashion, etc.
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Malinowski: What explanations does religion provide?
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It explains hard events that make us insecure. Death, stress, and existential crises are all explained by religion. Creates social solidarity and stability.
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Malinowski: Why are funerals traditionally religious?
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Bereavement is hard for people. Religious funerals give understanding and social stability in times of pain like this. Allows explanations like, "they're in a better place".
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Parsons: Why is presenting norms and values through religion a good thing?
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Deviancy is discouraged through guilty conscious (from God, or vicar, or bible). It becomes deeply ingrained through socialization which maintains value consensus. It allows control and influence over the individual.
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