Rbt

Front 1

Types of continuous measurement procedures

Back 1

Frequency

Rate

Duration

Latency

IRT (interresponse time)

Front 2

Frequency

Back 2

Count how many instances occurred

Front 3

Rate

Back 3

Count per unit of time. (Count per minute or session)

Front 4

Duration

Back 4

Total extent of time behavior occurs. Also known as temporal extent

Front 5

Latency

Back 5

Time from onset of a stimulus to initiation of response. (How long does it take for someone to respond to a cue?)

Front 6

Interresponse time (IRT)

Back 6

The time between the end of one response and the beginning of another. Same response

Front 7

Discontinuous measurement

Back 7

Estimating the actual occurence of the behavior. Types: Partial interval, whole interval, and momentary time sampling.

Front 8

Partial interval

Back 8

Discontinuous, direct time sampling. If it occurred at least once during the predetermined interval.

Front 9

Whole interval

Back 9

discontinuous, direct time sampling. Behavior occurred during entire predetermined interval.

Front 10

Momentary-time sampling

Back 10

discontinuous, direct time sampling. At the end of the predetermined interval you would see if the behavior happened at that moment.

Front 11

Permanent product recording procedures

Back 11

Things that people produce as a result of their behavior. You don't have to observe behavior because you can see if it occurred from the permanent product. Ex. Essay, dinner made, destroyed room.

Front 12

Indirect Assessments

Back 12

To gather information without actual direct observation of the behavior. (Interview parents, questionaries.)

Front 13

Descriptive measures

Back 13

Actual observation of the behavior and surrounding events. (ABC, scatterplot, interval recording, momentary time sampling)

Front 14

Ecobehavioral assessment

Back 14

Identify antecedents and consequences and analyzes patterns to suggest how client will act in given situations.

Front 15

Skill acquisition plan

Back 15

1. A definition of the skill to be acquired

2. A baseline measurement of the behavior it is replacing

3. A clear goal that indicates skill acquisition

4. A detailed description of the procedures that will be used to implement the plan

5. Reactive strategies to employ when undesired behavior occurs.

6. Data collection and display methods that are to be used

7. Frequent review of data and circumstances in order to make minor adjustments to the plan

8. A plan for maintenance and termination of services

Front 16

Unconditioned Reinforcement

Back 16

A stimulus change that increases the future of a behavior, these are primary reinforcers: food, water, shelter, sleep, sexual stimulation. Also known as primary or unknown reinforcers

Front 17

Conditioned Reinforcer

Back 17

Strengthen behavior paired with a primary reinforcer. Learned. Ex. Money.

Front 18

Unconditioned Punishment

Back 18

Unlearn. (Pain, cold, hot, loud sounds)

Front 19

Conditioned punishment

Back 19

Learned. Hot black stove

Front 20

Fixed schedule

Back 20

A set number of responses or time required before reinforcement is offered

Front 21

Variable schedule

Back 21

Set number of response or time but is an average.

Front 22

Ratio schedule

Back 22

Require a number of responses before reinforcement is offered.

Front 23

Interval schedules

Back 23

Require a period of time to elapse before reinforcement for a response is available.

Front 24

Fixed Ratio

Back 24

Delivery of reinforcement based on a fixed number of responses: produces a high steady rate of responding with a post reinforcement pause.

(FR10 You offer ten cents and praise for every ten words read correctly aloud.)

Front 25

Fixed Interval

Back 25

Reinforcement delivered for the first response following a passage of a set duration of time since the last response: results in increasing rate as the end of the interval approaches: past reinforcement pause.

(FI1 You offer tent cents and praise when student is reading aloud for the entire time. The student may earn ten cents per minute.)

Front 26

Variable Ratio

Back 26

Variable number of responses required for reinforcement: produces steady, high rate of responding

(VR10 You offer to pay them ten cents and praise for an average of every ten words read aloud. Reinforcement at 2 words then 20 words.)

Front 27

Variable Interval

Back 27

Reinforcement for the first correct response following the elapse of a variable duration of time occurring in a random or unpredictable order. Produces constant stable rates of responding

(VI1min You offer ten cents and praise when your students is reading aloud for the entire time. You give reinforcement on average once per minute. )

Front 28

Discrete Trial Teaching Procedures (DTT)

Back 28

It is one opportunity to produce a response. You ask 6+4.

Front 29

Free operant

Back 29

Procedure allows for unlimited responses and reinforcements. (Math sheet with 100 questions)

Front 30

DTT

Back 30

1

2

3

4

5

Front 31

Naturalistic Teaching Procedures

Back 31

Uses motivating operations to facilitate behavior. (Deprivation in motivation operations.)

Front 32

Task Analyzed Training Procedures

Back 32

Breaking down a complex skill or behavior chain into individual steps.

Front 33

Forward Chaining

Backward Chaining

Back 33

-The beginning of a successful first step in a chain to access reinforcement. After the first step is mastered the next steps are introduces in successful order.

-Master last step first.

Front 34

Total Task Presentation

Back 34

Uses prompting, as necessary to complete all the steps in a chain on every trial. Gradually fade prompts away.

Front 35

Discrimination training Procedures

Back 35

1. Stimulus generalization

2. Stimulus discrimination

3. Response generalization

4. Response discrimination

Front 36

Stimulus generalization

Back 36

Behavior stimulus versus stimulus deltas.

(Discrimination stimulus: people reinforce you when you say plane when you see a plane. stimulus deltas they correct you when you say plane when you see helicopter or balloon)

Front 37

Response generalization

Back 37

Emitting functionally equivalent untrained responses. (Say plane, airplane, aircraft to communicate the same thing.)

Front 38

Response discrimination

Back 38

Differential reinforcement verses extinction (On the brochure you see airliner, pilot says aircraft, you rarely say airbus. Some of the responses in the class continue to receive reinforcement while other do not. )

Front 39

Stimulus Control Transfer Procedures

Back 39

Stimulus control refers to the idea that a particular condition evokes a particular response. If someone shows you two pictures and asks which one is green (stimulus condition) you choose the green one. We say that the presentation of pictures and the question that was asked control the response because each time presented the correct answer is given.

Front 40

Stimulus fading procedures

Back 40

The guidance is faded as the client chows mastery of the skill so they eventually complete the task without any other stimulus.

Front 41

Stimulus Prompts

Back 41

Positioning: Putting the stimulus closer to the client in order to make it more obvious to choose.

Movement: Looking at the correct response, tapping close to it, or otherwise calling attention to the correct answer.

Pairing: Making the stimulus and the correct answer the same color or shape or some other similarity.

Front 42

Response Prompts

Back 42

1.Modeling: Visual demonstration of the task that allows an attempt to reproduce modeled behavior.

2. Physical Guidance: Partial or full physical guidance in order to prompt correct behavior.

3. Verbal Prompting: Spoken words, signs, written instructions, or pictures.

4. Time Delay: This procedure increases the delay from a stimulus presentation to the response prompt.

Front 43

Discriminative Stimuli

Back 43

A signal or cue that has in the past indicated that reinforcement is coming or currently available.

Front 44

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behaviors (DRO)

Back 44

A girl who picks the skin of her palm is given a token (good for 1 minute of CandyCrush a video game) for every 15 minutes that she doesn’t pick her palm.

Front 45

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behaviors. (DRA)

Back 45

Should be a functional alternative to the target behavior

Front 46

Differential Reinforcement of INCOMPATIBLE behaviors (DRI)

Back 46

DRI is actually a DRA procedure that uses a replacement behavior that cannot be performed at the same time as the target behavior.

Front 47

Extinction

Back 47

To terminate reinforcement of a behavior to reduce and eventually extinguish a target behavior.

Front 48

Extinction Burst

Back 48

A behavior may get worse before it gets better, the burst refers to a temporary increase in frequency, magnitude or variability of the behavior

Front 49

Resistance to extinction

Back 49

This can be confused with an extinction burst, but is a persistence of the target behavior over time, even when no reinforcement is given. In resistance to extinction,you might see a behavior continue at a similar or lower rate than before. This is how to contrast with the increase seen in an extinction burst.