Psycology Final Exam Flashcards

Front 1

Define Psycology:

Back 1

.

Front 2

Which statement about motivation is true?

Back 2

A motive energizes and directs behavior.

Front 3

Salmon swimming upstream to spawn is an example of ________.

Back 3

Instincts

Front 4

The theory stating the behaviors are motivated by the body's attempts to reduce tension from conditions such as hunger or thirst to a state of balance is _________ theory.

Back 4

Drive Reduction

Front 5

A desire to perform a behavior to obtain an external reward or avoid punishment is known as?

Back 5

Extrinsic motivation.

Front 6

Researchers have found that unexpected rewards ________ instrinsic motivation and positive feedback, including lraise, may actually _______ intrinsic motivation.

Back 6

may not reduce; increase

Front 7

In general, behaviorist aaccept thr assumption that…

Back 7

...all behavior is governed by cause and effect relationships.

Front 8

Suppose your alarm made a slight clicking sound just before the alarm goes off. Even though you didn't wake up to the clicking sound initially, now you do, due to clasical conditioning. In this example, the loud alarm is a/an _____.

Back 8

Unconditioned Stimulus.

Front 9

A nursing mother puts her baby to her breast to feed every time she hears it cry. After a few days, her milk starts to flow as soon as she hears the baby. In terms of classical conditioning, what is the conditioned stimulus?

Back 9

The baby's cry.

Front 10

An event that increases the probability of a response is known as ______.

Back 10

Punishment.

Front 11

What do positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement have in common with each other?

Back 11

They both strengthen a behavior.

Front 12

Negative reinforcement is a procedure in which a response ________.

Back 12

Is strengthened because it removes an unfavorable stimulus.

Front 13

If you learn to turn off a dripping faucet to end the "drip, drip, drip" sound, your behavior was changed through _______.

Back 13

Negative Reinforcement.

Front 14

You enjoy getting email messages, so you occasionally check your email to find out if u have any new messages. which schedule of reinforcement is present in this case?

Back 14

Variable interval.

Front 15

A study examining playground behavior of children found that by offering simple reinforcements for safe behavior, the frequency of dangerous behaviors could be decreased. These results are consistent with _______.

Back 15

Behavior Modification.

Front 16

Your friend asks you to name the seven dwarves from "snow white". This is a memory test that psycologist would call a ________ test.

Back 16

Free Recall.

Front 17

One unusual feature of implicit memory is that ________.

Back 17

People can display this kind of memory without consciously realizing that they are using their memory.

Front 18

When you remember how to tie your shoes, what type of memory is this?

Back 18

Procedural.

Front 19

Soneone asks you ehat time it is. You check your watch and awnser. A few seconds later, after you have been distracted, someone asks what time you said it was. You have forgotten. According to the traditional information-processing view, ehat type of memory was this?

Back 19

Short-Term

Front 20

When you remember how a clock works, what type of memory is that?

Back 20

Semantic.

Front 21

The telephone company's use of area codes and 3-digit local exchanges followed by diffrent 4-digit phone numbers makes it easier to remember the numbers of several diffrent friends because of ______.

Back 21

Chunking.

Front 22

The term "working memory" has been adopted by many researcher to replace the more traditional term...

Back 22

Short-Term Memory