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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the three types of conformity and what they do to the individual |
> Compliance - An individual accepting influence of a group due to the desire to gain their approval or avoid their disapproval > Internationalisation - An individual accepting influence because of an acceptance of their views > Identification - An individual accepting influence because they want to be associated with another person or group, has elements of both compliance and internationalisation
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Name two explanations for conformity and explain what they are |
> Normative Social Influence - A form of social influence whereby an individual conforms with the expectations of the majority in order to gain approval or to avoid social disapproval, usually referred to as 'compliance' > Informational social influence - A form of social influence which is the result of a desire to be right, looking to others as a way of gaining evidence about reality |
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Name two evaluation points about the types of conformity and their explanations |
> Difficulties distinguishing between compliance and internationalisation - due to how we define them and measure the public and private acceptance > Informational influence is moderated by type of task - The features of the task moderates the impact of majority influence. The majorities should exert greater influence on issues of social rather than physical reality (Laughlin, 1999) |
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Name a variable affecting conformity |
Group size - Asch found that there was very little conformity when the majority consisted of just one of two confederates -The size of the majority is important but only up to a point -The group size has a different effect depending on the type of judgement being made and the motivation of themselves (Campbell and Fairey, 1989) |
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Name another variable that affects conformity |
The unanimity of the majority - In Asch's study the confederates unanimously gave the same wrong answer when the real participants were given support of another real participant or a confederate who had been instructed to give the right answer -Conformity levels dropped, the wrong answers went from 33% to just 5.5% -Asch concluded it was breaking the group's unanimous position that was the major factor in conformity reduction |
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And another variable |
The difficulty of the task - In one condition Asch made the lengths much smaller, making the correct answer less obvious and the task more difficult -The level of conformity increased in this condition -The influence of task difficulty is moderated by the self-efficacy of the individual (Lucas et al, 2006) -The situational differences and individual differences are both important in determining conformity |
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Bullet point the procedure of Asch's study (5 bullet points) |
- 123 male US undergraduates were tested - they were seated around a table and asked to look at three lines of different lengths - They took it in turns to call out which of the three lines they thought was the same length as the 'standard line' - The real participant always answering second to last - 12 out of 18 trials, the confederates were instructed to give the same incorrect answer |
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Why did Asch conducted this study? |
To see if the 'real' participants would stick to what they believed to be right, or cave in to the pressure of the majority and go along with its decision. To see how the 'real' participant would react to the behaviour of the confederates. |
