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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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define politics |
the competition to shape government's impact on society's problems and goals |
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politics is essentially what? |
conflict over material and its scarcity |
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define government |
conflict-resolution mechanisms to resolve, manage, and control conflict |
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define democracy |
a way to make decisions through populist control |
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where was the first democracy? |
Athens |
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describe Athens' government |
a city-state the first democracy pure, or direct, democracy paid participation government officials appointed by lottery |
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what was essential for the success of Athenian democracy? |
1. came from exclusion of women from public life 2. large-scale practice of slavery (80k Athenians, 250-300k slaves) |
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define barbarian |
mentally deficient, incapable of running their own lives, marked by an inability to speak Greek |
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what was the great irony of the Athenian democracy? |
an intense xenophobia |
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what was different about the Roman Republic? |
a much lighter, less-direct version of democracy, known as a republic instead of people making decisions, representatives make decisions, thus an indirect democracy, or a representative democracy elected Senate is the representative part of the democracy |
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what was essential for the success of the Roman Republic? |
1. exclusion of women 2. slavery through outright conquest |
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describe Rome's foreign policy |
aggressive and expansive |
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describe the Italian city-states |
1. they start playing around with democracy 2. follow the Roman model - Republics with elected senates 3. luxury still comes at the cost of exclusion of women from political life 4. trade instead of slavery 5. only one road circling the outside of the Mediterranean, made it easy to rob 6. Italians buy everything from northern Europe, markup price, ship to Middle East, then do the same with shipments coming in from the Middle Eaast 7. short-lived and unstable 8. France and Spain treat Italy as an ATM - raid them for money whenever they want |
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in the US, what are two main theories of groups? |
pluralism and elite theory |
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define pluralism |
groups are the movers and shakers, societies composed of many groups, therefore no one group is likely to dominate |
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define elite theory |
groups are the movers and shakers composed of many groups a few groups tend to dominate |
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under the pluralism and elite theory concept, where do interest groups and political parties fall? |
interest groups - pluralism political parties - elite theory |
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what is driving the American push for independence? |
growing discontent with British rule, namely: property - taxation for defense, not regular British citizens, wedge representation - different treatment, not regular British citizens, wedge liberty - rights not being respected in same way as other citizens, wedge |
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describe the difference between the House of Lords and House of Commons |
House of Lords - heredity House of Commons - elected officials |
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who ran the colonies? |
a colonial governor essentially appointed by the King |
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summarize the key things to remember about John Locke |
british philosopher political theory criticized divine right of kings and emphasized representative government without him, there is no revolution in North America, or it is not successful social contract theory - idea of contract between the government and the people, wherein the people create and give power to the government natural rights, emphasizing life, liberty, property legitimate government must be based on consent right to revolution |
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summarize what you need to know about Thomas Jefferson |
third president primary author of the Declaration |
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who was the Declaration written for, who was its intended audience? |
hoped to build domestic support for the revolution hoped to build foreign support for the revolution in France and Spain |
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what were the limits of the Declaration? |
did not establish any formal national govermnet did not provide national organization to fight the revolution did not unite the states |
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what style was the first government of the US?
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confederacy |
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what were the specific terms of the Articles of Confederation? |
unicameral legis. each state got one vote, simple majority to pass a law national government could not tax no power to raise an army no executive branch no judicial branch system required unanimous vote to change the Articles |
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what were the general results of the AOC? |
weak and incomplete national government economic chaos trade wars between the states insufficient national defense states left largely on their own, no unification |
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describe the process of ratification of the Constitution |
9 of 13 states would have to ratify in order for Constitution to be passed New York was the major swing vote |
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who wrote the Federalist Papers? |
Hamilton, Madison, John Jay Hamilton wrote the most, Madison wrote the best, Jay wrote three |
