Pharmacology Chapter 18 Cholinergic Antagonists

Front 1

belladonna

Back 1

natural source of alkaloids with anticholinergic activity acquired from the deadly nightshade plant, Atropa belladonna, which grows throughout the world

Front 2

cholinergic crisis

Back 2

caused by an overdosage with acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors or poisoning with organophosphate insecticides or toxic nerve gases; characterized by intense signs of parasympathetic stimulation such as miosis, nausea, vomiting, urinary incontinence, increased exocrine secretions, and abdominal cramping

Front 3

curare

Back 3

the first neuromuscular blocker, which was initially extracted from several different plant species native to the rainforests of South America

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ganglionic blockers

Back 4

drug that inhibits transmission at the ganglia in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

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malignant hyperthermia

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rare condition that is an adverse effect of some general anesthetics characterized by a sudden onset of tachycardia, ventricular dysrhythmia, and hypotension

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motor end plate

Back 6

cholinergic synapse on skeletal muscle that allows for communication between the nervous system and skeletal muscle

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muscarinic antagonists

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drugs that block receptors at cholinergic synapses in the parasympathetic nervous system and at a few target organs in the sympathetic nervous system

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neuromuscular blockers

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drug used to cause total muscle relaxation

Front 9

nicotinic antagonists

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drugs that block receptors at cholinergic synapses in the ganglia or in the somatic nervous system at the neuromuscular junction

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nondepolorizing neuromuscular blocker

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class of nicotinic antagonists that bind to Ach receptors at motor end plates in skeletal muscle and prevent Ach from reaching its receptors

Front 11

pseudocholinesterase

Back 11

enzyme that rapidly destroys certain drugs in the plasma