Music History I Exam 2

Front 1

Drone

Back 1

Instrumental accompaniments that consisted of a single sustained pitch, often used in folk music

Front 2

Musica (Scholica) Enchiriadis

Back 2

9thC treatise which tells how to improvise a second voice part to accompany a chant in parallel motion.

Front 3

Organum

Back 3

Early Polyphony that reflected a mixture of parallel and oblique motion between 2 voices.

Front 4

What interval did they avoid in the Middle ages. What was it called?

Back 4

Tritone, Diaolus de musica

Front 5

4 Kinds of motion between successive consonant intervals:

Back 5

Parallel, Similar (Direct), Contrary, Oblique

Front 6

The words of the Original chant voice were set syllabically, there could be many notes in the added voice sung against each pitch in the original chant. (3 names for it)

Back 6

Floird, Purum, st. martial

Front 7

Chant voice and was held out a long time (Droning)

Back 7

Tenor

Front 8

where the words of the chant were set melismatically, there were no moving together mostly note against note in a style caaaaalled?

Back 8

Discant

Front 9

The idea of adding a whole new voice above or below the original chant was an extension of the creative process and was called what?

Back 9

Troping

Front 10

in the late 12thC and early 13thC at the school of Notre Dame, composers developed a system of 6 what?

Back 10

6 Rhythmic Modes

Front 11

Leonn

Back 11

one of the 2 most important composers of Notre Dame and produced a collection of 2 voiced settings of the graduals and alleluias for the whole church year

Front 12

The book collection of 2 voiced settings of the graduals and alleluias for the whole church year

Back 12

Magnus Liber Organi

Front 13

Perotin

Back 13

Made new versions of his predecessor's works now using as many as 3 or 4 voices. (one of the Norte Dame composers)

Front 14

Some polyphonic works sung outside of church

Back 14

Conductus

Front 15

Conductus texts were set ___________ and all the voices had the same ___________

Back 15

Syllabically, Rhythm

Front 16

1250 a new genre of sacred polyphoinic music arose from the French word for "word"

Back 16

Motet

Front 17

at around 1250 there are how many voice parts?

Back 17

3 voice parts

Front 18

In french motets there are how many languages and texts?

Back 18

2 different languages and 3 different texts

Front 19

the chant in the lower voice of a motet

Back 19

Cantus Firmus

Front 20

the only thing that is the same between the voices of an early motet is????

Back 20

the range

Front 21

in late 13thC motets when the 3 voices also moved at 3 different speeds, with the fastest (triplum) on top and the slowest (tenor) on bottom, this type of multi-texted sacred composition was called what?

Back 21

Franconian motet

Front 22

Examples of even more extreme rhythmic diversity between the 3 voices were written by a contemporary composer who was known by a French and Latin name.

Back 22

French: Pierre de la Croix
Latin: Petrus de Cruce

Front 23

the earliest surviving 6 part composition from western Europe

Back 23

Sumer is Irumen in

Front 24

the voices in Sumer in Irumen in form many imperfect consonances like????

Back 24

3rds and 6ths

Front 25

the bottom 2 voices start singing at the same time but constantly trade parts. (What form)

Back 25

Rondellus Form

Front 26

Composers of the early 14thC in France termed their musical style _________

Back 26

Ars Nova

Front 27

the 14thC called 13thC music _______

Back 27

Ars Antiqua

Front 28

Many of the new developments of the 14thC involved the basic musical element of what?

Back 28

Rhythm

Front 29

triple and what other rhythm was now aloud?

Back 29

duple

Front 30

Besides the double long, long, breve, and semi-breve the new shorter one was called what?

Back 30

Minim

Front 31

The ancestors of modern time signatures

Back 31

Mensuration signs

Front 32

One leading French Composer who made the Ars Nova treatise and named the 14thC style.

Back 32

Phillipe de vitri

Front 33

Isorythmic Motet

Back 33

where the tenor was notated in a series of repeated rhythmic patterns.

Front 34

Talea

Back 34

Each statement of the repeated rhythmic pattern, which tended to be long and complex

Front 35

Color

Back 35

the repeated melodic pattern of a tenor

Front 36

Hocket

Back 36

2 voices exchanging notes and rests to create a hiccup effect

Front 37

the best French composer of the 14thC

Back 37

Guillaume di Machte

Front 38

one of the first unified Mass ordinaries, had five movements and was intended to be sung at the Cathedral in the city of Riems

Back 38

Masse de Norte Dame

Front 39

Renaissance had how many voices?

Back 39

4 Voices

Front 40

Ballede

Back 40

aab

Front 41

Rondeau

Back 41

ABaAabAB

Front 42

Virelai

Back 42

AbbaA

Front 43

some late 14thC French composers wrote secular songs with extremely complex rhythms. This style is called??

Back 43

Ars Subtilar.

Front 44

this composer used Symbolic notation, for example, forming their staves into a heart shape for a love song

Back 44

Beaude Cordier

Front 45

In Italy the 14thC was called what?

Back 45

Trecento

Front 46

3 Main types of Italian secular song

Back 46

Madrigal (same letter design as French Ballete)
the Ballate (same letter desgn as French Virelai)
The Caccia (like the French Chance and the English Catch *about the hunt*)

Front 47

The best Italian Composer of the 14thC and was known for his 140 ballata

Back 47

Francesco Landini

Front 48

a cadence: the top voice moved from the scale degree 7 down to 6 before moving to 8.

Back 48

Landini Cadence

Front 49

14thC loud instruments in France like the cornet and trumpets were

Back 49

Haut

Front 50

Soft French instruments like the flute and harp were

Back 50

Bas

Front 51

Accidentals (besides Bflat) appear in written music, and notes outside the Guidonian hand that were not notated were sometimes sung in order to avoid the tritone.

Back 51

Musica ficta

Front 52

Scholasticism

Back 52

received knowledge from the past

Front 53

Humanism

Back 53

acceptance of facts based on human perseption of the world and the universe

Front 54

Two places where musicians and composers commonly found jobs during the Renaissance

Back 54

Churches and Courts

Front 55

a person who wrote a counterpoint treatise in 1477. He stated there will be no parallel 5ths and 8ths and anything written before 1430 was crap

Back 55

Tinctoris

Front 56

only three types of dissonance was allowed during the Renaissance

Back 56

Passing tone, suspensions, and neighbor tone

Front 57

Pythagorean tuning

Back 57

ancient Greek tuning

Front 58

Just intonation

Back 58

acceptance of 3rds and 6ths as imperfect consonances

Front 59

meantone

Back 59

the most common tuning for keyboard instruments

Front 60

Equal temperament

Back 60

all keys sound equally in tune even though the octave is the only one that is perfectly tuned

Front 61

proper accentuation and/or of the text

Back 61

declamation

Front 62

The swiss theorist who wrote Dodecachordan

Back 62

Heinrich Glarean

Front 63

1450 was the invention of the printing press by???

Back 63

Gutenberg

Front 64

the first book printed in the press was aaaaaa

Back 64

Bible

Front 65

in 1501 Petrucci brought out the first printed music called?

Back 65

Harmonices musices odrecaton

Front 66

triple impression

Back 66

staff lines, texts, and notes were each printed separately

Front 67

1528 Pearre Attaingnant in Paris made the __________ Impression

Back 67

single impression

Front 68

English influence during the 15thC

Back 68

Contenance anglioise

Front 69

During the 100 years war England was allied with the court of

Back 69

Burgundy

Front 70

some traist passed from English to continental composers were a preference for?

Back 70

parallel 3rds and 6ths intervals, regular phrase lengths, and syllabic text setting rather than melismatic

Front 71

Common English method of improvising parallel 3rds and 6ths, where only the middle voice was written out

Back 71

Faburden

Front 72

Faburden inspired a similar French technique, where the 2 outer voices were written out and the middle voice improvised.

Back 72

fauxbourdon

Front 73

The most important English composer of the early 15thC

Back 73

John Dustable

Front 74

One of Dunstable's beest known works was the freely composed motet called ________

Back 74

Quam Pulchra Es

Front 75

One important composer in the Court of Burgundy was

Back 75

Gilles de Binchois

Front 76

Gilles de Binchois was like a contemporary (person)

Back 76

Guillaume DuFay

Front 77

Binchois wrote isorhythmic motets like _______

Back 77

Hype no Sarum Flores

Front 78

the first cyclic mass based on a secular song, namely a chanson called

Back 78

Missa se la face ay pate

Front 79

A secular song used as the basis for many masses by many different composers during the renaissance

Back 79

Missa l'home arme

Front 80

The cyclic polyphonic mass

Back 80

the first large-scale muti-movement genre in the history of western music.

Front 81

Motto

Back 81

in each movement opened with the same melodic motive

Front 82

Cantus Firmus

Back 82

if the same chant or secular song appeared in the tenor voice of all 5 movements

Front 83

the Burgundy cadence sounds like the cadence we use today

Back 83

Authentic Cadence

Front 84

Contalaina or Treble Dominated

Back 84

The 3 part secular French vocal compositions particularly of the 15thC where the top voice reflected the most melodic interest are referred to today as exhibiting either _________ or __________