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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This consists of populations of species plus their habitat or environment |
Ecosystem |
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The sum of all the populations of different species constitutes a what? |
Community |
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What two factors effect the ability of a microbe to fill a niche? |
The microbial genome Environmental factors |
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What are the two postulates of microbial ecology? |
Microbes are found in every Earth environment Every molecule can be used by a microbe |
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What is metagenome? |
The sum total of all DNA sequenced from an environmental sample |
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What is normally used for identifying environmental taxa? |
Small subunit (SSU) rRNA sequence |
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What are the 6 steps in sequencing a metagenome? |
1. Sample the target community 2. Filter 3. Break open cells to isolate DNA 4. Clone DNA 5. Read the DNA 6. Build scaffolds |
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What are contigs? |
Regions if contiguous DNA sequence without gaps |
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This is the study of RNA transcripts obtained from an environmental community. A. Metaproteomics B. Metatranscriptomics C. Genomic biology D. Genetics |
B. Metatranscriptomics |
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This is the study of protein data obtained from an environmental sample. A. Metaproteomics B. Metatranscriptomics C. Genomic biology D. Genetics |
A. Metaproteomics |
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This is a process by which organisms acquire an element to build cells A. Metabolism B. Dissimilation C. Assimilation D. Catabolism |
C. Assimilation |
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This is the process of breaking down organic nutrients to inorganic minerals A. Metabolism B. Dissimilation C. Assimilation D. Catabolism |
B. Dissimilation |
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True or false? Levels of consumption are called trophic levels |
True |
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What two things from primary producers does the food web depend on? |
Absorbing energy from outside the ecosystem Assimilating minerals into biomass |
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What environmental factors affect growth? |
Oxygen levels Availability of nutrients Temperature Salinity pH |
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What are lichen? |
A symbiosis between a fungi and an algae/cyanobacteria |
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What type of symbiosis is syntrophy? |
A metabolic association where both organisms are needed to complete the metabolism |
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What type of symbiosis is synergism? |
An optional cooperation where both species benefit but can also grow independently |
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What type of symbiosis is commensalism? |
One partner benefits while the other is unaffected |
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What type of symbiosis is amensalism? |
One partner is harmed without an intimate association |
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What type of symbiosis is parasitism? |
An intimate association where one partner benefits while harming a specific host |
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What are the 4 distinct regions of the pelagic zone (in order from top to bottom)? |
Neuston Euphotic zone Aphotic zone Benthos |
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What plankton is the largest size? |
Microplankton |
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What plankton is the smallest? |
Picoplankton |
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True or false? Benthic microbes are mesophiles |
False; they're typically pyschophiles and barophiles |
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What would happen if a lake turned eutrophic? |
Algal blooms would occur |
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This is the plant root surface |
Rhizoplane |
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This is the region of the soul between a plants root surface and the actual soil itself |
Rhizosphere |
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The rhizoplane is colonized by what fungi? |
Ectomycorrhizae |
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What fungi forms a close association with plants by penetrating the plant cells? |
Endomychorrhizae |
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What two types of anaerobic bacteria inhabit wetlands? |
Denitrifiers Fermenters |
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What type of bacteria/fungi colonize the transport vessels of plants? |
Endophytes |
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What species of bacteria infect legumes? |
Rhizobium |
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True or false? Viruses are the most common plant pathogen? |
False; fungi are |
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What algae are typically in an endosymbiotic relationship with sea anemones? |
Zooxanthelle (commonly dinoflagellates) |
