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102 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Intimacy or relatedness increases our likelihood of experiencing... |
• Abuse • Violence • Sexual abuse • Homicide |
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Those closest to us are the ones we are most likely to... and our instruments are the most likely to do these things to us |
•slap •punch •Kick •bite •burn •stab •shoot |
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Families and _______ can be very dangerous |
Do you understand intimate violence and abuse, we need to consider a range of _________ and examine the various factors- ___________ that shed light on why it is that we often hurt the ones we love most |
•behaviors •social •psychological •cultural |
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Researchers have used different and changing terminology to try to keep pace with increasing knowledge about the phenomenon of... |
•intimate violence |
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Many researchers now use the terms _______ or _______ to address the full scope of violence among intimate couples |
•intimate partner violence •Intimate partner abuse |
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Other forms of Family Violence, such as those between siblings or between parents and children, still most often fall under the broader umbrella term... |
Family Violence |
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Violence is... |
"an act carried out with the intention or perceived intention of causing physical pain or injury to another person" |
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Abuse includes acts such as ________ including verbal abuse that are not long |
Neglect and emotional abuse |
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Types of intimate violence |
•common couple violence •intimate terrorism •violent resistance •Mutual violent control |
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Common couple violence |
Sometimes called situational couple violence is violence that erupts during an argument when one partner stripes the other In the Heat of the Moment |
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Intimate terrorism |
Occurs in a relationship where one partner tries to dominate and control the other |
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Violent resistance |
Encompasses what is often meant by "self defense violence" |
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Mutual violent control |
Refers to relationships in which both partners are violently trying to control each other and the relationship |
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It is impossible to know exactly how much violence there is in families and relationships in the United States, partly because of... |
Methodological limitations in the various data we gather |
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So much for Family Violence is ________ that the official data are you complete |
Unreported |
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Most research on intimate and Family Violence is based on... |
Survey data |
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Using multiple sources of data, the Bureau of Justice Statistics produced a report with these key findings: |
1) between 2001 and 2005, 22% of non-fatal violent victims of females over age 12 were committed by intimate partners 2) 30% of homicides against females over age 12 and 5% of those committed against males were by intimate partners •on average 30% of female murder victims and 5% of male murder victims were killed by an intimate partner |
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Individualistic explanations emphasize how the abuser's violence is related to a... |
Personality disorder |
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The ecological model uses a systems perspective to explore... |
Child abuse |
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The feminist model stresses the role of _____ or ______ of masculinity as causes of violence |
•gender inequality •cultural Concepts |
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The _______and _______ the violence as originating in the social structure |
Social stress and social learning |
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Structural stress |
Groups with few resources, such as the poor, are seen to be at greater risk for Family Violence |
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The social learning model holds that people learn to be violent from... |
Society and their families |
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_______ that assumes that a person acquires power through economic, personal comic and social resources suggests that... |
Those were the resources are least likely to resort to over force |
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_________ holds that we weigh the perceived rewards against costs in our interactions and will only use violence when the costs of being violent do not weigh the rewards |
Exchange-Social Control Model |
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_________ matters a lot with Family Violence most violence is against ________ |
•gender •women |
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_______ Is the central motive in Intimate violence and ________ is linked to violence when those who feel dominated may use violence as a last resort |
•power •powerlessness |
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Stressors, such as _______, can increase tensions among family members |
Unemployment |
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________ can lead to a greater likelihood that we will disagree, and when conflict occurs, others are likely to ignore it because of the the ________ that intimate relationships are private |
•intimacy •cultural expectation |
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There is _______ in reporting of battering |
Gender symmetry |
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Women use violence with male partners about as often as men do with female partners, however most violence is more... |
Situational, routine, and relatively minor |
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Men's violence tends to be _______ but woman's motives tend to include ________ |
•instrumental •self-defense, retaliation, anger, attention-seeking, stress, jealousy, depression, and loss of control |
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Historically and culturally, women have been considered ________ victims of domestic violence |
"appropriate" |
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Females between ages _________ are at the greatest risk of violent crime |
20 and 24 |
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Unmarried women have higher rates of ______ than do married women |
Intimate partner violence victimization |
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Women of all Races, ages, and socioeconomic statuses experience intimate partner violence, although they are not _________ |
Victimized equally |
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A heterosexual male perpetrator has some of the following traits: |
1) believe in the "traditional" home and gender-role stereotypes 2) low self-esteem 3) sadistic, pathologically jealous, or passive-aggressive |
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Having a childhood troubled by parental violence accounts for only 1% of adult _______ and _______ |
•Dating Violence •marriage or marriage-like relationship violence |
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Males most likely to be injured or killed as a result of intimate partner violence are ________ |
Gay men |
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Often, even if a woman attempts to inflict damage on a man in self-defense, her chances of prevailing are... |
Slim |
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Nevertheless, maintaining a ______ on the issue unintentionally validates cultural norms that condone violence between spouses and assaulting a spouse is an ______ |
•"conspiracy of silence" •"intrinsic moral wrong" |
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Familial and Social Risk Factors include |
•persistent tension •economic stress •wheat sanctions against violence •traditional gender norms •beliefs about family privacy |
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Rates of intimate partner violence decline as ____ but violence and abuse occurs among high-status couples as well as |
•Household income increases •low-status couples |
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________ have higher rates of violence than either Caucasians or Hispanics but... |
•African Americans •the higher rate diminishes or disappears when controlling for other variables |
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One of the most serious forms of intimate violence, ________, often occurs as part of a pattern of intimate terrorism |
Rape |
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Rape is defined as |
"unwanted sexual penetration, perpetrated by force, threat of harm, or when the victim is intoxicated" |
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More than 200,000 women endure more than 320,000 _______ by an intimate partner each year |
Rapes |
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Historically, ________was regarded as giving husband's unlimited sexual access to their wives, but in 1993, ______ became a crime in all 50 states |
•heterosexual legal marriage •marital rape |
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The precise definition of marital rape differs ________ and enforcement of laws is problematic |
From State to state |
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Until fairly recently, little was known about violence in _____________ relationships |
Gay and lesbian |
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Recent research indicates that the rate of abuse in gay and lesbian relationships is comparable to that in |
Heterosexual relationships |
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Violence in same-sex relationship is rarely |
A one-time event |
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Gay and lesbian violence appears to be as serious as violence in heterosexual relationships including _________ abuse |
Physical, psychological, and financial abuse |
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An additional form of abuse unique to same-sex couples is ________ or revealing their partner to co-workers, employers, or family as a form of psychological abuse |
"outing" |
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For battered Partners in same-sex relationships, there is often _______ for support |
Nowhere to go |
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All 50 states have laws that prohibit the kinds of behaviors that make up... |
Dating Violence |
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Dating Violence and abuse may be found at very young ages, in fact as soon as... |
Young people beginning relationships |
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And do studies of undergraduate couples (18 to 25) Katz and colleagues found that a third to nearly half of students were in relationships where.. |
Their Partners had acted violently towards them |
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Only about half of those victimized... |
Report their victimization |
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_____ react with more distress and sustained more physical injuries from Dating Violence |
Women |
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Women who have _______ attitudes about jealousy and possessiveness are more likely to stay in violent relationships while women with ________ gender-role attitudes are more likely to leave than those with ________ attitudes |
•"romantic" •"modern" •"traditional" |
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Sexual intercourse with a dating partner that occurs against his or her will with force or the threat of force is referred to as ________ and also known as _______ |
•date rape •acquaintance rape |
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State rights are usually not planned; but when a partner does not comply and engaging in sex, the perpetrator ________ but feels he's done nothing wrong |
Gets angry and rapes the victim |
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Alcohol or drugs are often involved in rape and, in recent years, _________ have surfaced as major public safety |
"date-rape drugs" |
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There is considerable confusion and argument about sexual consent; men who traditionally initiate sex make feel it's legitimate to initiate sex without _______ while women's resistance may be considered... |
•women explicitly consenting •insincere |
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Avoiding _______ and using _______ about consent have been suggested to women to avoid date rape |
•alcohol and drugs •clear communication |
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Many women leave... |
Violent relationships |
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For women who stay in violent or abusive situations, their reasons are... |
•economic dependence •religious pressure •children's need for a father •fear of being alone •belief in the American dream •guilt, pity, and shame •Duty and responsibility •fear for her life •love •cultural reasons •nowhere else to go •learned helplessness |
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The Centers for Disease Control reports an estimated cost in excess of 8 billion dollars per year for |
Mental and Medical Care, broken or stolen property, and lost wages |
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Non-financial costs include the _________ effects with which victims of violence must cope |
Actual Health in mental health |
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The _______ is a term used that was used in the 1960s to refer to children who had injuries commonly found in children who are physically abused |
Battered child syndrome |
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The Centers for Disease Control provide information on _______ which includes neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional abuse |
Child maltreatment |
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The most common form of maltreatment is |
Neglect |
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_______ may be so common as to be "just about universal" |
Psychological aggression |
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______ parents reported the most frequent use of psychological aggression |
Younger |
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A variety of forms of maltreatment and abusive children declined due to increases in agents of... |
•intervention •a robust economy •changes in cultural norms •the arrival of new psychopharmaceuticals such as Prozac |
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Families at Risk Parental characteristics include having experienced physical punishment as a child and a belief in... |
•Corporal discipline •unrealistic expectation of children and what is age appropriate behavior •low self-esteem and poor impulse control •spousal violence •a lack of concern about the child's injury •parental substance abuse |
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Families at Risk Child characteristics include being perceived as "unsatisfactory" to parents because of being... |
Unplanned, the wrong sex, abnormal, or difficult |
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Families at Risk Family characteristics include being in a single-parent family,... |
•marital conflict •high levels of familial stress •less affectionate •playful or supportive parent-child interactions |
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Families at Risk Family Ecosystem factors include experiencing... |
•poverty or unemployment •social isolation •low income •unsafe neighborhoods •a crowded and dirty home |
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______ violence and abuse remain the most common form of intrafamilial violence but receives less attention and concern |
Sibling |
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Younger children are ______ to hit a parent than older children |
Hit a parent |
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Elder mistreatment can be... |
Abuse or neglect |
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Elder abuse can be in the form of... |
•physical •psychological •sexual •financial |
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Elder financial abuse encompasses... |
Decieving elders to sign wills or contracts, taking over control of the money of elders suffering from dementia, or forcing a victim to part with resources or property |
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Responding to intimate and fam violence: Intervention and Prevention goals include |
•protecting victims •rehabilitating offenders through therapeutic intervention •assistjng and strengthening their families |
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Prevention strategies take two paths: |
1) Eliminating social stress 2) strengthening families |
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Today, many of the largest police forces have implemented ________ policies in which discretion is removed from police officers responding to a call about intimate violence |
Mandatory arrest |
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The adoption of _________ policies compels prosecutors to proceed in the prosecution of an intimate violence case as long as evidence exists, regardless of the victim's expressed wishes |
No-drop prosecution |
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The _________ helps batterers develop critic thinking skills around nonviolence, respect, partnership, and negotiation |
Duluth model |
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What is apparent is that a "one-size-fits-all" approach is |
ineffective |
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Madatory reporting of suspected child abuse is now required of professionals such as... In all 50 states |
•teachers •doctors •and counselors |
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Society must address continued child abuse from a variety of levels including... |
1) parents mist learn to deal more effectively with children 2) agencies should coordinate their efforts for preventing and investigating abuse 3)public awareness of child abuse needs to be created |
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Child sexual abuse is defined as... |
Any sexual interactions between an adult or older adolescent and a prepubertal child |
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Extrafamilial sexual abuse is... |
Conducted by non related individuals |
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Intrafamilial sexual abuse is... |
Conducted by related individuals, including step-relatives |
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Incest is... |
Sexual intercourse between people too closely related to marry legally |
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Sexual abuse in families can involve blood relatives (most commonly _________) and step-relatives (most often _______) |
•uncles and grandfather's •stepfathers and stepbrothers |
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The presence of a stepfather doubles a girl's risk of being Sexually abused; this increased tendency is known as... |
"the Cinderella effect" |
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According to the U.S. Department of Health Services, _______ is more common than abuse committed by an adult relative |
Sibling sexual abuse |
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Long-term Effects of Sexual Abuse include having higher incidences of ____________ than the general population including a sense of.... |
•psychological, physical, and sexual problems •betrayal, low self-made, depression, lack of trust, and a sense of powerlessness |
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Tramatic sexualization refers to.. |
A process in which a sexually abused child's sexuality develops inappropriately and the child becomes interpersonally dysfunctional |
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