Marriage And Fam Chapter 13 Final

Front 1

Fault-based divorce

Back 1

A person alleges that his or her spouse is responsible for the failed marriage through such actions as adultry, cruel and inhuman treatment, mental cruelty, habitual drunkenness, and desertion

Front 2

No-fault divorce

Back 2

The couple can divorcewithout either having to accuse the other or prove the other responsible forthe failure of their marriage

Front 3

Some states permit fault-based divorce, but all states permit

Back 3

No-fault divorce

Front 4

_______ are two other means of ending or exiting anexisting marriage.

Back 4

Annulment and desertion

Front 5

The multidimensional nature of divorce is noted in the _________

Back 5

Stations of divorce

Front 6

Stations of divorce

Back 6

These consist of:

1) the emotional divorce;

2)the legal divorce;

3) the economic divorce;

4) the coparental divorce;

5) thecommunity divorce;

6) the psychic divorce.

Front 7

Crude divorce rates

Back 7

This represents the number of divorces in agiven year for every 1,000 people in thepopulation-including those who are not married, children, and the elderly

Front 8

Refined divorce rates

Back 8

This is considered the most useful measure ofdivorce and gives the number of divorces that occur within a given year forevery 1,000 marriages (as measured by married women age 15 and older)

Front 9

Predicting divorce

Back 9

The prevailing estimate is that 40% to 45% ofmarriages entered into in a year are likely to become divorces; but this variesdepending on income, religious status, education, age, and other variables

Front 10

Marriage and divorce rates have.... marriage rates are at the lowest since the 1930s

Back 10

Declined

Front 11

Social integration, or_______________, is a potentially important factor related to the incidence of divorce.

Back 11

the degree of interaction between individuals and thelarger community

Front 12

Demographic Factors, such as _______________ correlate with divorce

Back 12

employment status, income, education level,ethnicity, and religion

Front 13

Among Caucasians, a higher divorce rate is more characteristic of _________ occupations than __________ occupations

Back 13

low-status

*high-status

Front 14

_____________, which contributes to marital stress, is also related to increased divorcerates

Back 14

Unemployment

Front 15

Employment can also create more opportunity tomeet someone else and have

Back 15

an extramarital relationship

Front 16

Working _________ can also increase the likelihood of divorce for some

Back 16

Night shifts

Front 17

Income that is _________ is associated with lower divorce rates

Back 17

higher

Front 18

THe positive effect of education appears to be the greatest in ___________

Back 18

Early marriage

Front 19

The greater involvement in religious activities, the less likelihood of _________

Back 19

divorce

Front 20

Close to ______ of those who marry before turning 20 years old end in divorce

Back 20

50%

Front 21

Premarital ___________ significantly increases the likelihood of divorce

Back 21

pregnancy or birth

Front 22

Divorce rate for those who remarry is ____________ than it is for those who enter first marriages

Back 22

higher

Front 23

Those whose parents divorce are subject to ________________ which is the increased likelihood that divorce will later occur to them

Back 23

intergenerational transmssion

Front 24

Children _________ the risk of divorce

Back 24

reduce

Front 25

Marital problems reported as reasons for divorcevary; women tend to cite _________ reasons while men tend to cite ________________

Back 25

emotional or relationship reasons

*external factors or claim ignorance

Front 26

Uncoupling begins as one person, the initiator, is unhappy or dissatisfied but...

Back 26

keeps feeling to his/herself

Front 27

Eventually the initiator decides that he or shecan no longer go on and begins a process of

Back 27

morning the demise of the still intact marriage

Front 28

_________ does not end when the end of a relationship isannounced or the couple physically separates

Back 28

Uncoupling

Front 29

Almost everyone suffers _______ when a marriage breaks up

Back 29

separation distress

Front 30

A person goes through two distinct phases inestablishing a new identity following marital separation:

Back 30

transition and recovery

Front 31

The transition period is one in whichindividuals have already begun making decisions that provide...

Back 31

framework for their new selves

Front 32

The recovery period usually begins in the secondyear which in is a time when the separated or divorced individual has alreadycreated a...

Back 32

reasonably stable pattern of life

Front 33

A _______ reduces much of the distress caused by seperation

Back 33

new partner

Front 34

Initiating the dating process may be...

Back 34

stressful

Front 35

For many divorced men and women, the greatest problem is

Back 35

how to meet other unmarried people

Front 36

Several features of dating following separationand divorce differ from premarital dating including:

Back 36

1) dating does not seem to be a leisurelymatter;

2) less spontaneous;

3) finances may be strained;

4) sexualrelationships may help people accept their new single status

Front 37

One of the most damaging consequences of theno-fault divorce laws are that they systematically impoverish

Back 37

divorced women and their children

Front 38

Husbands typically enhance ___________ during marriage

Back 38

their earning capacity

Front 39

Another factor contributing to women’s economicslide is

Back 39

lack of child support

Front 40

The outcome depends on the division of ___________ that characterized the marriage

Back 40

wage earning

Front 41

__________ is monetary payment a former spouse makes to theother to meet his or her economic needs and is restricted by some states

Back 41

Alimony

Front 42

____________ is the monetary payments made by thenoncustodial spouse to the custodial spouse to assist in child-rearing expenses

Back 42

Child support

Front 43

Data indicates that most children entitled to child support from their fathers do not _________

Back 43

actually receive it

Front 44

People are generally more supportive of child support than they are of _________

Back 44

Alimony

Front 45

The economic effect of divorce on women withchildren is especially difficult because their

Back 45

employment opportunities are often constrainedby the necessity of caring for children

Front 46

The general problems of women’s lower earningcapacity and lack of adequate child care are particularly severe

Back 46

for single mothers

Front 47

Today about 1 out of every 5 American families is a _________

Back 47

Single-parent family

Front 48

Children living in happy, two-parent familiesappear to be the ________ adjusted and those from conflict-ridden two parent familiesappear to be the ______ adjusted

Back 48

best

*worst

Front 49

Telling children that their parents are getting divorced is one of the most _____________ events in life

Back 49

difficult and unhappy

Front 50

Children's reaction is how the news is disclosed and is shaped by...

Back 50

the perception that life will be relativelybetter or relatively worse afterward

Front 51

When parental conflict has been long-term, overtand unresolved, children are at risk of developing emotional and developmentalproblems so long as

Back 51

their parents stay together

Front 52

The three stages of divorce for children:

Initial Stage:

Back 52

stressful, unhappy, time of conflict following thedecision to separate

Front 53

The three stages of divorce for children:

Transition Stage:

Back 53

about a year after separation when extremeemotional response has diminished or disappeared

Front 54

The three stages of divorce for children:

Restabilization:

Back 54

after 5 years when economic and social changeshave been incorporated into daily living

Front 55

Developmental Tasks of Divorce include:

Back 55

1) acknowledging parental separation;

2)disengaging from parental conflicts; 3) resolving loss;

4) resolving anger andself-blame;

5) accepting the finality of divorce; and

6) achieving realistic expectationsfor later relationship success

Front 56

________ may be particularly upset about their parents dating again

Back 56

Adolescents

Front 57

Helping Children adjust includes:

Back 57

1) open discussion before the separation;

2) the child’s continuedinvolvement with noncustodial parent;

3) a lack of hostility between thedivorced parents;

4) good emotional and psychological adjustment of thecustodial parent;

5) good parenting skills and a stable living situation

Front 58

Sole Custody

Back 58

when the child lives with one parent who hassole responsibility for physically raising the child and making all decisionsregarding his or her upbringing

Front 59

Split Custody

Back 59

when the children in the family are dividedbetween the divorcing parents and can have a harsh effect on the relationshipof siblings and therefore, courts are reluctant to award it

Front 60

Joint Custody

Back 60

can be legal, when the child lives with oneparent but both parents make decisions about the child, or joint physical custody when the child moves from household tohousehold

Front 61

Pollack and Mason advocate __________ to treat visitation as an obligation to keep noncustodial parents involved

Back 61

mandatory visitation

Front 62

Divorce mediation

Back 62

the process in which a mediator attempts toassist divorcing couples in resolving personal, legal, and parenting issues ina cooperative manner