Kendo 300-350

Front 1

Q300. HLA assoc with DM

Back 1

A300. type 1 = DR3, DR4; none for type 2; although type has a stonger genetic predisposition

Front 2

Q301. Insulin action

Back 2

A301. tyr kinase receptor; glucose uptake; anabolic for fat; K+ uptake

Front 3

Q302. AE of metformin

Back 3

A302. lactic acidosis; contrainidcated with renal disease

Front 4

Q303. AE of glitazone

Back 4

A303. weight gain; edema; hepatotoxic

Front 5

Q304. Vitamin deficiency: Night blindness; dry skin; impaired immune response; squamous metaplasia of trachea and hair follicles

Back 5

A304. Vitamin A

Front 6

Q305. Vitamin deficiency (and Dx): polyneuritis, high-output cardiac failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, and edema; MCC of deficiency?

Back 6

A305. B1 – Thiamine (Wet beri-beri); MCC - alcoholism

Front 7

Q306. Vitamin deficiency: Cheilosis, angular stomatitis, Corneal vascularization, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis

Back 7

A306. Vit B2 - Riboflavin; (2 C's)

Front 8

Q307. Vitamin deficiency (and Dx): diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, beefy glossitis

Back 8

A307. Vit B3 - Niacin; (Pellagra)

Front 9

Q308. Vitamin deficiency: Dermititis, enteritis, alopecia, adrenal insufficiency

Back 9

A308. B5 - Pantothenate

Front 10

Q309. Vitamin deficiency: Convulsions, hyperirritibility, glossitis, peripheral neuropathy, sideroblastic anemia with ringed sideroblasts

Back 10

A309. Vit B6 - Pyridoxine

Front 11

Q310. Nutrient deficiency: Dermatitis, enteritis; cause?; what is its use?

Back 11

A310. Biotin (from Avidin in raw eggs or antibiotics); Use: Carboxylation rxns

Front 12

Q311. Vitamin deficiency: megaloblastic anemia

Back 12

A311. Folic acid

Front 13

Q312. Vitamin deficiency: anemia, optic neuropathy, subacute combined degeneration, paresthesia, glossitis; MMC of deficiency?; What test for Dx confirmation?

Back 13

A312. B12 - Cobalamin; MMC - pernicious anemia (also fish tapeworm); Shilling's test

Front 14

Q313. Vitamin deficiency (and Dx): swollen gums, bruising, anemia, poor wound healing, perifollicular hemorrhage; what NT is it a cofactor for?

Back 14

A313. Vitamin C - Ascorbic Acid (Scurvy); cofactor for NE

Front 15

Q314. Vitamin deficiency: Bending bones, soft bones, hypocalcemic tetany; What other effect is seen only in kids?; What is the most common cause of the deficiency?

Back 15

A314. Vitamin D; kids - soft spots in skull; MCC - chronic renal failure

Front 16

Q315. Vitamin deficiency: Neonatal hemorrhage, increased PT, increased PTT, normal bleed time; How is it made?; Most common cause of deficiency?

Back 16

A315. Vitamin K; made by colonic bacteria; MCC - broad spectrum Ab in hospital

Front 17

Q316. Nutrient deficiency: Poor wound healing, dissecting aortic anuerysm, skin depigmentation

Back 17

A316. Copper

Front 18

Q317. Nutrient deficiency: rash; dysgeusia; growth retardation; poor wound healing; hypogonadism, decreased adult hair

Back 18

A317. Zinc

Front 19

Q318. Vitamin deficiency (and Dx): polyneuritis, muscle wasting, demyelination syndromes, distal sensorimotor neuropathy

Back 19

A318. Vitamin B1 – Thiamine (Dry beri beri)

Front 20

Q319. Dx: retarded growth and loss of muscle and sub-q fat;; "wasting away"

Back 20

A319. Marasmus

Front 21

Q320. Dx: retarded growth and loss of muscule but retained sub-q fat, fatty liver, severe edema, anemia

Back 21

A320. Kwashiorkor; [MEAL = Malabsorption, Edema, Anemia, Liver fat]

Front 22

Q321. vitamin required for Transamination reactions

Back 22

A321. Pyridoxine (Vit B-6)

Front 23

Q322. (3)* causes of Pellagra

Back 23

A322. HIC: Hartnup Dz (low Tryptophan);; INH (low Vit B-6);; Carcinoid syndrome (high Tryptophan metabolism)

Front 24

Q323. what NT and vitamin is Niacin derived from?

Back 24

A323. Tryptophan; Vit B6

Front 25

Q324. Dx: Alopecia, fatigue, HA, hepatocellular damage, sore throat, skin changes

Back 25

A324. Vit A toxicity (Retinol)

Front 26

Q325. Vitamin deficiency: increased fragility of RBC

Back 26

A325. Vitamin E [E = Erythrocytes]

Front 27

Q326. Dx: hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, renal calculi; (in children: growth retardation)

Back 27

A326. Excess Vitamin D

Front 28

Q327. What are the causes of zinc deficiency?

Back 28

A327. 1. alcoholism; 2. DM; 3. chornic diarrhea; 4. Acrodermatitis enteropathica--which is an autosomal recessive disease

Front 29

Q328. This is the clinical presentation of what condition?; poor wound healing, can't taste or smell, perioral rash; Children--hypogonadism, growth retardation

Back 29

A328. zinc deficiency

Front 30

Q329. What is the function of zinc in the body?

Back 30

A329. cofactor for many enzymes including collagenase in wound remodeling

Front 31

Q330. Name this vitamin toxicity: too much of this vitamin results in papilledema and seizures due to an increased intracranial pressure and can present with bone pain due to periosteal proliferation

Back 31

A330. vitamin A

Front 32

Q331. Name this vitamin toxicity: hypercalcemia with metastatic calcification and renal calculi

Back 32

A331. vitamin D

Front 33

Q332. Name this vitamin toxicity: decreased synthesis of vitamin K-dependent porcoagulatn factors; can also have a synergistic effect with warfarin anticoagulation

Back 33

A332. vitamin E

Front 34

Q333. Name this vitamin toxicity: over dose of this vitamin results in hemolytic anemia and jaundice in newborns if the mother has had too much of this vitamin

Back 34

A333. vitamin K

Front 35

Q334. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; impaired night vision; blindness; penumonia; growth retardation; loss of sebaceous gland function; renal calculi

Back 35

A334. vitamin A deficiency

Front 36

Q335. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; CNS bleeding (newborns); bruising; GI bleeding; prolonged prothrombin time

Back 36

A335. vitamin K deficiency

Front 37

Q336. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; hemolytic anemia; peripheral neuropathy; poor joint sensation; ataxia b/c spinocerebellar tract degeneration

Back 37

A336. vitamin E deficiency

Front 38

Q337. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; pathologic fractures, bowed legs, rickets, osteomalacia; continuous muscle contraction (tetany)

Back 38

A337. vitamin D deficiency

Front 39

Q338. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; peripheral neuropathy; ataxia; confusion; amnesia; congestive cardiomyopathy

Back 39

A338. Thiamine (b1) deficiency

Front 40

Q339. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; corneal neovascularization, glositis, fissuring at the angles of the mouth, cheilosis (cracked lips)

Back 40

A339. riboflavin (b2) deficiency

Front 41

Q340. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; pellagra: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia, death

Back 41

A340. niacin (b3) deficiency

Front 42

Q341. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; weak capillaries and venules; skin ecchymoses, ring of hemoorrhage around hair follicles, bleeding gums, anemia, poor wound healing

Back 42

A341. ascorbic acid (C) deficiency

Front 43

Q342. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; neuropathy; nausea; GI cramps; restlessness; hypoglycemia

Back 43

A342. pantothenic acid (b5) deficiency

Front 44

Q343. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; sideroblastic anemia; confulsions; peripheral neuropathy

Back 44

A343. pyridoxine (b6) deficiency

Front 45

Q344. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; depression; lethargy; hallucinations; numbness/tingling; red scaly rash on face; hair loss

Back 45

A344. biotin (b7) deficiency

Front 46

Q345. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; megaloblastic anemia; no neurologic pathology other than during pregnancy; glottitis red tongue

Back 46

A345. folic acid (b9) deficiency

Front 47

Q346. these symptoms are due to what vitamin deficiency?; megaloblastic anemia; posterior cloumn an dlateral corticospinal tract demyelination **neuro disease**; glotssitis; *triad of weakness, sore tonge, parasthesis*

Back 47

A346. cobalamin (b12) deficiency

Front 48

Q347. A mother brings her 3 year old son to the doc after severe bouts of vomiting and diarrhea for the past 2 days. The diarrhea is water, though the mother denies seeing any blood in it. The doctor makes a diagnosis by ELISA on the child's stool and assures the mother that he will be fine with good rehydration---whats the microbe?

Back 48

A347. rotavirus; reoviridae rotavirus

Front 49

Q348. What's the clinical presentation of rotavirus?

Back 49

A348. gastroenteritis

Front 50

Q349. What is the pathogenesis of rotavirus?

Back 50

A349. fecal-oral route....infects villus cells of proximal small intestine and replicates within and lyses the cell resulting in impaired absorption of carbohydrates and other nutrients; vomiting followed by watery diarrhea

Front 51

Q350. How is a diagnosis of rotavirus made?

Back 51

A350. symptoms; stool specimen immunoassay for virus assays